From 9b58d35185905f8334142bf4988cb784e993aea7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Timothy Pearson Date: Mon, 21 Nov 2011 02:23:03 -0600 Subject: Initial import of extracted KDE i18n tarballs --- .../docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile.am | 4 + .../docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile.in | 635 +++++++ .../kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.cache.bz2 | Bin 0 -> 15196 bytes .../kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.docbook | 465 +++++ .../glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook | 1879 ++++++++++++++++++++ 5 files changed, 2983 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile.am create mode 100644 tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile.in create mode 100644 tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.cache.bz2 create mode 100644 tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.docbook create mode 100644 tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook (limited to 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$(DESTDIR)$(kde_htmldir)/$(KDE_LANG)/khelpcenter/glossary/$$base ;\ + done + +uninstall-nls: + for base in index.docbook kdeprintingglossary.docbook ; do \ + rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(kde_htmldir)/$(KDE_LANG)/khelpcenter/glossary/$$base ;\ + done + + +#>+ 5 +distdir-nls: + for file in index.docbook kdeprintingglossary.docbook ; do \ + cp $(srcdir)/$$file $(distdir); \ + done + +#>+ 15 +force-reedit: + @for dep in $?; do \ + case '$(am__configure_deps)' in \ + *$$dep*) \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh \ + && exit 0; \ + exit 1;; \ + esac; \ + done; \ + echo ' cd $(top_srcdir) && $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile'; \ + cd $(top_srcdir) && \ + $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile + cd $(top_srcdir) && perl ../scripts/admin/am_edit -p../scripts/admin docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/Makefile.in + + +#>+ 21 +clean-bcheck: + rm -f *.bchecktest.cc *.bchecktest.cc.class a.out + +bcheck: bcheck-recursive + +bcheck-am: + @for i in ; do \ + if test $(srcdir)/$$i -nt $$i.bchecktest.cc; then \ + echo "int main() {return 0;}" > $$i.bchecktest.cc ; \ + echo "#include \"$$i\"" >> $$i.bchecktest.cc ; \ + echo "$$i"; \ + if ! $(CXX) $(DEFS) -I. -I$(srcdir) -I$(top_builddir) $(INCLUDES) $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(KDE_CXXFLAGS) --dump-class-hierarchy -c $$i.bchecktest.cc; then \ + rm -f $$i.bchecktest.cc; exit 1; \ + fi ; \ + echo "" >> $$i.bchecktest.cc.class; \ + perl $(top_srcdir)/admin/bcheck.pl $$i.bchecktest.cc.class || { rm -f $$i.bchecktest.cc; exit 1; }; \ + rm -f a.out; \ + fi ; \ + done + + +#>+ 3 +final: + $(MAKE) all-am + +#>+ 3 +final-install: + $(MAKE) install-am + +#>+ 3 +no-final: + $(MAKE) all-am + +#>+ 3 +no-final-install: + $(MAKE) install-am + +#>+ 3 +kde-rpo-clean: + -rm -f *.rpo + +#>+ 3 +nmcheck: +nmcheck-am: nmcheck diff --git a/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.cache.bz2 b/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.cache.bz2 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b5de8e4e69a Binary files /dev/null and b/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.cache.bz2 differ diff --git a/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.docbook b/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.docbook new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..785a5bca46c --- /dev/null +++ b/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/index.docbook @@ -0,0 +1,465 @@ + + + + + + +]> + + +&glossary-kdeprinting; + Tecnologie + + IO Slave + IO Slaves permette alle applicazioni &kde; di accedere alle risorse remote nella stessa, facile maniera con la quale si accede alle risorse locali (rendendole trasparenti alla rete). Le risorse remote (⪚ file) possono essere memorizzate su condivisioni SMB o simili. +SMB &kde; + + + KIO + Il sistema &kde; di Input/Output che usa il cosiddetto IO Slaves. +IO Slave &kde; + + + KParts + KParts è una tecnologia di integrazione che consente alle applicazioni di &kde; di incorporare altre applicazioni &kde;. Il visualizzatore di testo usato da &konqueror; è un esempio di KPart. + &konqueror; + + + + KSycoca + KSycoca (&kde; System Configuration Cache) è una cache delle configurazioni di sistema, che permette, tra l'altro, un accesso rapido alle voci di menu. + KBuildSycoca + + + + + + XFree86 + + Antialiasing + Se citato nell'ambito &kde;, antialiasing si riferisce spesso alla sfumatura dei tratti diagonali dei caratteri sullo schermo. Questo effetto viene reso possibile in &kde; grazie alle &Qt; versione 2.3.0 o superiore, usate insieme a XFree86 4.x. +&kde; &Qt; + + + &X-Server; + L'&X-Server; costituisce le fondamenta su cui è costruita ogni &GUI;, del tipo di &kde;. Gestisce le informazioni ricevute da mouse e tastiera, (sia da un host locale che da uno remoto) e fornisce le funzioni grafiche elementari per la costruzione di rettangoli e altre primitive. +&kde; &GUI; + + + + + Applicazioni + + KBuildSycoca + KBuildSycoca è un programma a riga di comando, e rigenera il cosiddetto KSycoca. È utile nel caso si perda qualche modulo in &kcontrol;. +KSycoca &kcontrol; + + + &kcontrol; + È il nome del progetto e del file del Centro di controllo &kde;. &kcontrol; ti consente di personalizzare ogni opzione di configurazione di &kde;. + &kde; + + + + &kicker; + &kicker; è sia il diminutivo che il nome di progetto del Pannello di &kde;. +&kde; Pannello + + + &konqueror; + &konqueror; è una parte vitale del progetto &kde; e, nella sua versatilità, può essere usato sia come gestore dei file che come web browser, o come visualizzatore d'immagini. Puoi trovare una panoramica completa su &konqueror; in www.konqueror.org. + &kde; + + + + &ksirc; + &ksirc; è il client IRC fornito con &kde;. Puoi usare &ksirc; per comunicare con chiunque su una rete IRC. + IRC + + + + + + Terminologia del desktop + + Drag and Drop (Trascinamento) + Si riferisce alla sostituzione di alcune azioni, quali quelle necessarie per copiare un file da un posto a un altro, con certi movimenti di mouse, ⪚ fare clic su un'icona in una finestra di &konqueror;, spostare il mouse su un'altra finestra tenedo premuto il pulsante del mouse, quindi rilasciarlo (lasciando "cadere" l'oggetto) dove vuoi copiare il file. + &konqueror; + + + + &GUI; + Abbreviazione di Graphical User Interface. Ogni ambiente desktop (come &kde;) è una &GUI;. La maggior parte delle &GUI; forniscono supporto per mouse e/o finestre per la gestione dei programmi. + &kde; + + + + &kde; + Abbreviazione di K Desktop Environment, una delle migliori interfacce (&GUI;) grafiche per sistemi di tipo &UNIX;. Per maggiori dettagli visita il sito web www.kde.org. + &GUI; + + + + GNOME + + GNU Network Object Model Environment, una delle migliori &GUI; per &UNIX;. + &GUI; + + + + Pannello + Si riferisce al pannello (detto anche &kicker;) che normalmente si trova sulla parte inferiore dello schermo. +&kde; &kicker; + + + ripping + Il processo di lettura di dati audio da un &cdrom; e il loro salvataggio su disco fisso. + + + + + + Sviluppo &kde; + + &Qt; + La &GUI; di &kde; ha come base la libreria &Qt;, che fornisce molti elementi grafici (i cosiddetti Widget), usati per costruire il desktop. Maggiori informazioni sulle &Qt; sono reperibili direttamente sul sito www.trolltech.com. +&kde; &GUI; Widget + + + i18n + Sta per internazionalizzazione (in inglese i +18 caratteri + n). &kde; è disponibile in molte lingue, e diverse tecniche i18n rendono relativamente semplice la traduzione dell'interfaccia utente e della relativa documentazione di &kde; in queste lingue. Esaurienti informazioni sui procedimenti di internazionalizzazione sono disponibili su i18n.kde.org. +&kde; &GUI; + + + l10n + Abbreviazione di localizzazione, il processo di adattamento di un programma alle convenzioni locali. Ciò include, ⪚ il formato data e ora in uso, la valuta, etc. + i18n + + + + Widget + Elementi grafici quali barre di scorrimento, pulsanti o campi di inserimento usati da &kde; per costruire la &GUI;. +&kde; &GUI; + + + CVS + + Concurrent Version System. Il CVS è un sistema molto efficiente per la gestione di versioni di file, che permette a più programmatori di lavorare con facilità su uno stesso progetto.Troverai informazioni sul modo di ottenere la versione più recente (in sviluppo) dei sorgenti &kde; via anonymous CVS su http://www.kde.org/anoncvs.html. Altre informazioni su CVS sono a disposizione su www.cvshome.org. + + + + + + Varie ed eventuali + + RFC + Request For Comment (Richiesta di parere). Un modo comune per pubblicare progetti di nuovi protocolli o procedure, affinché vengano valutati dalla comunità Internet. Benché gli RFC non siano vincolanti, dal momento che sono approvati dalla comunità molte applicazioni cercano di aderirvi il più possibile. Puoi reperire maggiori informazioni sugli RFC nel sito RFC Homepage. + + + + + + Protocolli diversi + + SMB + Server Message Block. Un protocollo di rete usato in ambienti &Microsoft; &Windows; per l'accesso al filesystem di altri computer. + IO Slave + + + + IRC + Internet Relay Chat. Un protocollo definito nel RFC 1459, che definisce le specifiche per la messaggistica in tempo reale. + RFC + + + + host + Questo termine può essere riferito sia al tuo file locale /etc/hosts(ilmiocomputer), sia al nome di un sito (www.kde.org) che ad un indirizzo IP (192.168.0.10). + + + + diff --git a/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook b/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..46b95960235 --- /dev/null +++ b/tde-i18n-it/docs/kdebase/khelpcenter/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook @@ -0,0 +1,1879 @@ + + + + Stampa + + + + ACLs + Abbreviation for Access + Control Lists; + ACLs are used to check for the access by a given + (authenticated) user. A first rough support for ACLs + for printing is available from ∪︀; this will be refined + in future versions. + Authentication + + + + + AppSocket Protocol + AppSocket is a protocol for the transfer of + print data, also frequently called "Direct TCP/IP Printing". + &Hewlett-Packard; have used AppSocket to add a few minor + extensions around it and were very successfull to re-name + and market it under the brand "&HP; JetDirect"... + &HP; JetDirect Protocol + Direct TCP/IP Printing + + + + + APSfilter + APSfilter is used mainly in the context of "classical" + &UNIX; printing (BSD-style LPD). It is a sophisticated shell script, + disguising as an "all-in-one" filtering program. In reality, + APSfilter calls "real filters" to do the jobs needed. It sends + printjobs automatically through these other filters, based on an + initial file-type analysis of the printfile. + It is written and maintained by Andreas Klemm. + + It is + similar to Magicfilter and uses mostly Ghostscript for file conversions. + Some Linux-Distributions (like SuSE) use APSfilter, others + Magicfilter (⪚ &RedHat;), some have both for preference selection + (like has *BSD). + + ∪︀ has no need for APSfilter, + as it runs its own file type recognition (based on &MIME; types) + and applies its own filtering logic. + Ghostscript + Magicfilter + &MIME;-Types + printcap + + + + + Authentication + Proofing the identity of a certain person (maybe via username/password + or by means of a certificate) is often called authentication. Once you are + authenticated, you may or may not get access to a requested ressource, + possibly based on ACLs. + ACLs + + + + + Bi-directional communication + In the context of printing, a server or a host may receive additional + information sent back from the printer (status messages &etc;), either + upon a query or unrequested. AppSocket ( = &HP; JetDirect), ∪︀ and IPP do + support bi-directional communication, LPR/LPD and BSD-style printing + do not... + AppSocket Protocol + ∪︀ + Direct TCP/IP Printing + &HP; JetDirect + IPP + LPR/LPD + + + + + BSD-style Printing + Generic term for different variants of the traditional &UNIX; + printing method. Its first version appeared in the early 70s on + BSD &UNIX; and was formally described in RFC 1179 only as late + as 1990. + + At the time when BSD "remote" printing was first designed, printers + were serially or otherwise directly connected devices to a host + (with the internet hardly consisting of more than 100 nodes!); printers + used pre-punched, endless paperbands, fed through by a tractor + mechanism, with simple rows of ASCII text mechanically hammered onto + the medium, drawn from a cardboard beneath the table, giving it back + as a zig-zag folded paper"snake". Remote printing consisted in + neighouring host from the next room sending a file + asking for printout. + + How technology has changed! Printers use cut-sheet media, they have + built-in intelligence to compute the raster images of pages after pages + that are sent to them using one of the powerfull page description + languages (PDL), many are network nodes in their own right, + with CPU, RAM, HardDisk and an own Operation System and + they are hooked to a net with potentially millions of users... + + It is a vast proof of the flexible &UNIX; concept for doing things, + that it made "Line Printing" reliably work even under these modern + conditions. But time has finally come now to go for something new + -- the IPP. + + IPP + ∪︀ + LPR/LPD printing + + + + + ∪︀ + Abbreviation for Common + UNIX Printing + System; ∪︀ is most modern &UNIX; and Linux + printing system, providing also cross-platform printservices + to &Microsoft; &Windows; and Apple MacOS clients. Based on IPP, it does + away with all the pitfalls of old-style BSD printing, + providing authentication, encryption and ACLs, plus many more + features. At the same time it is backward-compatible enough + to serve all legacy clients that are not yet up to IPP via + LPR/LPD (BSD-style). + + ∪︀ is able to control any &PostScript; printer by + utilizing the vendor-supplied PPD (PostScript Printer + Description file), targetted originally for &Microsoft; Windows NT + printing only. &kde; Printing is most powerful if based on + ∪︀. + ACLs + Authentication + BSD-style printing + IPP + KDEPrint + LPR/LPD + PPD + + + + + + ∪︀-FAQ + Presently only available in German (translation is on the way), + the ∪︀-FAQ + is a valuable ressource to answer many question anyone new to + ∪︀ printing might have at first. + + KDEPrint Handbook + + + + + + ∪︀-O-Matic + ∪︀-O-Matic was the first "Third Party" plugin for + the ∪︀ printing software. It is available on the Linuxprinting.org + website to provide an online PPD-generating service. + + + Together with the companion cupsomatic Perl-Script, + that needs to be installed as an additional ∪︀ backend, + it re-directs output from the native pstops filter into + a chain of suitable Ghostscript filters. Upon finishing, it + gives the resulting data back to a ∪︀ "backend" for sending + them onward to the printer. + + Thusly, ∪︀-O-Matic enables support for any printers known to + have worked previously in a "classical" ghostscript environment, + if no native ∪︀ support for that printer is in sight... ∪︀-O-Matic + is now replaced by the more capable PPD-O-Matic. + cupsomatic + PPD-O-Matic + Foomatic + + + + + + cupsomatic + The Perlscript cupsomatic (plus a working Perl installation + on your system) is needed to make any ∪︀-O-Matic (or PPD-O-Matic) + generated PPD work with ∪︀. It was written by Grant Taylor, Author of + the Linux Printing HOWTO and Maintainer of the printer + database at the Linuxprinting.org website. + ∪︀-O-Matic + Foomatic + cupsomatic + + + + + Daemon + Abbreviation for Disk + and execution + monitor; Daemons are present + on all &UNIX; systems to perform tasks independent of user + intervention. Readers more familiar with &Microsoft; &Windows; might + want to compare daemons and the tasks they are responsible + with "services". + + One example of a daemon present on most + legacy &UNIX; systems is the LPD (Line Printer Daemon); ∪︀ is + widely seen as the successor to LPD in the &UNIX; world and + it also operates through a daemon. + SPOOLing + + + + + Database, Linuxprinting.org + Already years ago, when Linux printing was still really difficult + (only commandline printing was known to most Linux users, no device + specific print options were available for doing the jobs), Grant Taylor, + Author of the "Linux Printing HOWTO", collected most or the available + infos about printers, drivers and filters in his database. + + With the emerging + ∪︀ concept, extending the use of PPDs even to non-PostScript printers, + he realized the potential of this database: if one puts the different + datablobs (whith content that could be described along the lines + "Which device prints with which ghostscript or other + filter how well and what commandline switches are available?") into + PPD-compatible files, he could have all the power of ∪︀ on top of + the traditional printer "drivers". + + This has developed now into a broader + concept, known as "Foomatic". Foomatic extends the capabilities + of other spoolers than ∪︀ (LPR/LPD, LPRng, PDQ, PPR) to a certain + extend ("stealing" some concepts from ∪︀). The Linuxprinting + Database is not a Linux-only stop -- people running other &UNIX; + based OSes (like *BSD or MacOS X) will find valuable infos and + software there too. + + Foomatic + Linuxprinting database + + + + + Direct TCP/IP Printing + This is a method that often uses TCP/IP port 9100 to connect + to the printer. It works with many modern network printers and has + a few advantages over LPR/LPD, as it is faster and provides some + "backchannel feedback data" from the printer to the host sending + the job. + AppSocket Protocol + &HP; JetDirect Protocol + + + + + + Drivers, Printer Drivers + The term "printer drivers", used in the same sense + as on the &Microsoft; &Windows; platform, is not entirely applicable + for a Linux or &UNIX; platform. A "driver" functionality + is supplied on &UNIX; by different modular components working + together. At the core are the "filters" converting a given format + waeiting for their printing, to another format that is acceptable + to the target printer. The filter output is sent to the + printer by a "backend". + + Filter + PPDs + + + + + Easy Software Products + Mike Sweet's company, which has contributed a few substantial + software products towards the Free Software community; amongst + them the initial version of Gimp-Print,, the EPM software packaging tool + and HTMLDOC + (used by the "Linux Documentation Project" to build the PDF versions + of the HOWTOs) -- but most importantly: ∪︀ (the 'Common &UNIX; Printing + System'). + + ESP finance themselves by selling a commercial version + of ∪︀, called ESP PrintPro, + that includes some professional enhancements. + + ∪︀ + ESP PrintPro + ESP + Gimp-Print + + + + + Encryption + Encryption of confidential data is an all-important issue if + you transfer it over the internet or even inside intra-nets. + + Printing + via traditional protocols is not encrypted at all -- it is very easy + to tap and eavesdrop ⪚ into &PostScript; or PCL data transfered + over the wire. + + Thus in the design of IPP the provision was made for an easy + plugin of encryption mechanisms (which can be provided by the same + means as the encryption standards for HTTP traffic: SSL and TLS. + Authentication + ∪︀ + IPP + SSL + TLS + + + + + + Epson + Epson inkjets belong to the best supported models by Free software + drivers as the company was not necessarily as secretive about their + devices and handed technical specification documents to developers. + The excellent print quality achieved by Gimp-Print on the Styli + series of printers can be attributed to this openness. + + They have also + contracted Easy Software Products to maintain an enhanced version + of Ghostscript ("ESP GhostScript") for improved support of their + printer portfolio. + + ESP Ghostscript + + + + + + Escape Sequences + The first ever printers printed ASCII data only. To + initiate a new line, or eject a page, they included special + command sequences, often carrying a leading [ESC]-character. + &HP; evolved this concept through its series of PCL language + editions until today, when they have developed a fullblown + Page Description Language (PDL) from this humble beginnings. + + PCL + PDL + + + + + ESC/P + Abbreviation for Epson + Standard Codes for + Printers. Epsons ESC/P printer language is besides + &PostScript; and PCL one of the best known. + ESC/P + PCL + &PostScript; + hpgl + + + + + ESP + Abbreviation for Easy + Software Products; + the company that developed ∪︀ (the "Common &UNIX; Printing System"). + + Easy Software Products + ∪︀ + ESP PrintPro + + + + + + ESP Ghostscript + A Ghostscript version that is maintained by Easy Software + Products. It includes pre-compiled Gimp-Print drivers for + many inkjets ()plus some other goodies). ESP Ghostscript + drives especially the Epson Stylus model series to photographic + quality in many cases. + + Easy Software Products + ∪︀ + ESP PrintPro + + + + + ESP PrintPro + This professional enhancement to ∪︀ (the "Common &UNIX; + Printing System") is sold by the developers + of ∪︀ complete with more than 2.300 printer drivers for several commercial + &UNIX; platforms. ESP PrintPro + is supposed to work "out of the box" with little or no configuration + for users or admins. ESP sell also support contracts for + ∪︀ and PrintPro. These sales help to feed the programmers who + develop the Free version of ∪︀. + + ∪︀ + + + + + Filter + Filters, in general, are programs that take some input + data, work on it and pass it on as their output data. Filters + may or may not change the data. + + Filters in the context of printing, are programs that convert + a given file (destined for printing, but not suitable in the + format it has presently) into a printable format. Sometimes + whole "filter chains" have to be constructed to achieve the + goal, piping the output of one filter as input to the next. + + Ghostscript + RIP + + + + + Foomatic + Foomatic started out as the wrapper name for a set of + different tools available from Linuxprinting.org + These tools aimed to make the usage of traditional + ghostscript and other print filters more easy for users and + extend the filters capabilities by adding more commandline + switches or explain the drivers execution data. + + Foomatic's different incarnations are ∪︀-O-Matic, PPD-O-Matic, + PDQ-O-Matic, LPD-O-Matic and xyz. All of these allow the generation + of appropriate printer configuration files online, by simply + selection the suitable model and suggested (or alternate) driver + for that machine. + + More recently, Foomatic gravitated towards becoming a "meta-spooling" + system, that allows to configure the underlying print subsystem + through a unified set of commands. (However this is much more + complicated than KDEPrints &GUI; interface, which does a similar + thing regarding different print subsystems.) + ∪︀-O-Matic + PPD-O-Matic + cupsomatic + + + + + Ghostscript + Ghostscipt is a &PostScript; RIP in software, originally + developed by L. Peter Deutsch. There is always a GPL version + of ghostscript available for free usage and distribution + (mostly 1 year old) while + the current version is commercially sold under another license. + + Ghostscript is widely used inside the Linux and &UNIX; world + for transforming &PostScript; into raster data suitable + for sending towards non-&PostScript; devices. + &PostScript; + RIP + + + + + Gimp-Print + Contrary to its name, Gimp-Print is not any longer + just the plugin to be used for printing from the popular + Gimp program -- its codebase can also serve to be compiled + into... + + *...a set of PPDs and associated filters that integrate seamlessly + into ∪︀, supporting around 130 different printer models, providing + photografic output quality in many cases; + + + *...a Gostscript filter that can be used with any other + program that needs a software-RIP; + + + *...a library that can be used by other software applications + in need of rasterization functions. + + + + + Lexmark Drivers + RIP + Ghostscript + + + + + &HP; + Abbreviation for Hewlett-Packard; + none of the first companys to distribute their own Linux printer + drivers [...to be completed...] + + + + + + + &HP;/GL + Abbreviation for &HP; + Grafical Language; + a &HP; printer language mainly used for plotters; many CAD + (Computer Aided software programs output &HP;/GL files for + printing. + ESC/P + PCL + &PostScript; + + + + + &HP; JetDirect Protocol + A term branded by &HP; to describe their implementation + of print data transfer to the printer via an otherwise "AppSocket" or + "Direct TCP/IP Prining" named protocol. + AppSocket Protocol + Direct TCP/IP Printing + + + + + IETF + Abbreviation for Internet + Engineering Task + Force; an assembly of internet, software + and hardware experts that discuss + new networking technologies and very often arrive at + conclusions that are regarded by many as standards. "TCP/IP" + is the most famous of examples. + + + IETF standards, but also + drafts, discussions, ideas or useful tutorials are + put in writing in the famous series of "RFCs" which + are available to the public and on burnt onto most Linux or + BSD-CDs. + IPP + PWG + RFC + + + + + IPP + Abbreviation for Internet + Printing Protocol; + defined in a series of RFCs accepted by the IETF with + status "proposed standard"; was designed + by the PWG. -- IPP is a completely new design for network printing, + but it is utilizing a very well-known and proven method for the + actual data transfer: HTTP 1.1! By not "re-inventing the wheel", + and basing itself on an existing and robust internet standard, + IPP is able to relativly easy bolt other HTTP-compatible standard + mechanisms into its framework: + + * Basic, Digest or Certificate authentication + mechanisms; + + * SSL or TLS for encryption of transferred + data; + + * LDAP for directory services (to publish + data on printers, device-options, drivers, costs or + elso to the network; or to check for passwords while + conducting authentication). + + + + + + ∪︀ + PWG + IETF + RFC + TLS + + + + + KDEPrint + The new printing functionality of &kde; since its version 2.2 + consists of several modules that translate the features and settings + of different available print subsystems (∪︀, BSD-style LPR/LPD, RLPR...) + into nice &kde; desktop &GUI; representation and dialogs to ease their + usage. + + Most important for day-to-day usage is "kprinter", the new + &GUI; print command. -- Note: KDEPrint does not implement its own + spooling mechanism or its own &PostScript; processing; for this it + relies on the selected print subsystem + -- however it does add some functionality of its own on top of this + foundation... + + BSD-style printing + ∪︀ + kprinter + KDEPrint Handbook + + + + + + KDEPrint Handbook... + ...is the name of the reference document that describes KDEPrint + functions to users and administrators. You can load it into Konqueror by + typing "help:/kdeprint" into the address field. The KDEPrint website + is the ressource for updates to this documentation as well as PDF + versions fit for printing it. It is authored and maintained by Kurt + Pfeifle. + + ∪︀-FAQ + + + + + kprinter + kprinter is the new powerfull + print utility that is natively used by all &kde; applications. + + Contrary to some common misconceptions, + kprinter is not a ∪︀-only tool, + but supports different print subsystems. You can even switch + to a different printsubsystem "on the fly", in between two jobs, + without re-configuration. Of course, due to the powerful + features of ∪︀, kprinter is in + best shape when used as a ∪︀ frontend. + + kprinter is the successor + to "qtcups", which is no longer being actively maintained. kprinter has + inherited all the best features of qtcups and added several new ones. + + + AND MOST IMPORTANT: you can use kprinter + with all its features in all non-&kde; applications that allow + a customized print command, like gv, AcrobatReader, Netscape, + Mozilla, Galeon, StarOffice, OpenOffice and all GNOME programs. + + kprinter can act as a "standalone" + utility, started from an X-Terminal or a "Mini-CLI" to + print many different files, from different directories, with different + formats, in one job and at once, without the need to first open the + files in the applications! (File formats supported this way are &PostScript;, + PDF, International and ASCII Text and many different popular Grafic + formats, such as PNG, TIFF, JPEG, PNM, Sun RASTER &etc;) + + kprinter + + + + + Lexmark + was one of the first companys to distribute their own Linux printer + drivers for some of their models. [...to be completed...] + + + + + + Linuxprinting.org + Linuxprinting.org = not only for Linux; all &UNIX;-like OS-es + like *BSD and also commercial Unices may find useful printing + information on that site; Foomatic -- Printer Data Base -- Driver Data + Base.... + Linuxprinting database + + + + + + Linuxprinting.org Database + ....Data Base containing printers and drivers suitable + for them... ...a lot of information and documentation to be found... ...it + is now also providing some tools and utilities for easing the integration + of those drivers into a given system... ...the "Foomatic" family + of utilities being the toolset to make use of the data base + [.............TO BE COMPLETED........] + + Foomatic + + + + + LPR/LPD printing + LPR == some people translate Line + Printing Request, others: + Line Printer + Remote. + BSD-style printing + + + + + Magicfilter + Similarly to the APSfilter program, Magicfilter + provides automatic file type recognition functions, and base + on that, automatic file conversion to a printable format, + depending on the target printer. + APSfilter + + + + + &MIME;-Types + Abbreviation for Multipurpose (or + Multimedia) Internet Mail + Extensions; &MIME;-Types were first used to allow + the transport of binary data (like mail attachments containing + grafics) over mail connections that were normally only transmitting + ASCII characters: the data had to be encoded into an ASCII representation. + + Later this concept was extended to describe a data format in + a platform independent, but at the same time in a non-ambigious way. + From &Windows; everybody knows the *.doc extensions for &Microsoft; Word files. + This is handled ambigiously on the &Windows; platform: *.doc extensions are also + used for simple text files or for Adobe Framemaker files. And if a real + Word file is re-named to get a different extension, it can't be + opened any longer by the program + + &MIME; typed filed carry a recognition string with them, describing + their file format base on main_category/sub_category. + Inside IPP, printfiled are also described using the &MIME; type scheme. + &MIME; types are registered with the IANA (Internet Assigning Numbers + Association) to keep them unambigious. + + ∪︀ has some &MIME; types of its own registered, like + application/vnd.cups-raster (for the ∪︀-internal + raster image format). + + + ∪︀ + Easy Software Products + ESP PrintPro + Gimp-Print + + + + + PCL + Abbreviation for Printer + Control Language; + developed by &HP;. PCL started off in version 1 as a simple + command set for ASCII printing; now, + in its versions PCL6 and PCL-X it is capable of printing grafics + and printing color -- but outside the &Microsoft; &Windows; realm and &HP-UX; + (&HP;'s own brand of &UNIX;) it is not commonly used... + ESC/P + &HP;/GL + PDL + &PostScript; + + + + + PDL + Abbreviation for Page + Description Language; + PDLs describe in an abstract way the grafical representation + of a page. - Before it is actually transferred into + toner or ink layed down onto paper, a PDL needs to be + "interpreted" first. In &UNIX;, the most important PDL + is PostScript. + + ESC/P + &HP;/GL + PCL + &PostScript; + + + + + Pixel + Abbreviation for Picture + Element; this term describes the smallest + part of a raster picture (either as printed on paper + or as put on a monitor by cathode rays or LCD elements). As + any grafical or image representation on those kind of output + devices is composed of pixels, the values of "ppi" (pixel per inch) + and &dpi; (dots per inch) are one important parameter for the + overall quality and resolution of an image. + Filter + Ghostscript + &PostScript; + Raster + + + + + PJL + Abbreviation for Print + Job Language; + developed by &HP; to control and influence default and per-job + settings of a printer. May not only be used + for &HP;'s own (PCL-)printers; also many &PostScript; + and other printers understand PJL commands sent to them + inside a printjob or in a separate signal. + PCL + + + + + &PostScript; + &PostScript; (often shortened "PS") is the de-facto + standard in the &UNIX; world for printing files. It was + developed by Adobe and licensed to printer manufacturers + and software companies. + + As the &PostScript; specifications were + published by Adobe, there are also "Third Party" implementations + of &PostScript; generating and &PostScript; interpreting software + available (one of the best-known in the Free software world + being Ghostscript, a powerfull PS-interpreter) + . + ESC/P + &HP;/GL + PCL + PPD + + + + + PPD + Abbreviation for PostScript + Printer Description; + PPDs are ASCII files storing all information about the special + capabilities of a printer, plus definitions of the (PostScript- + or PJL-)commands to call on a certain capability (like printing + duplex). + + + As the explanation of the acronym reveals, PPDs were originally + only used for &PostScript; printers. ∪︀ has extended the + PPD-concept towards all types of printers. + + + PPDs for &PostScript; printers are provided by the printer + vendors. They can be used with ∪︀ and KDEPrint to have access + to the full features of any &PostScript; printer. The KDEPrint Team + recommends to use a PPD originally intended for use with + &Microsoft; Windows NT. + + + PPDs for non-PostScript printers need a + companion "filter" to process the &PostScript; print files towards + a format digestable for the non-PostScript target device. Those + PPD/filter combos are not (yet) available from the vendors. After + the initiative by the ∪︀ developers to utilize PPDs, the Free + Software community was creative enough to quickly come up with + a support for most of the currently used printer models through + PPDs and classical Ghostscript filters. But note: the printout + quality differs from "hi-quality photografic output" (using + Gimp-Print with most Epson inkjets) to "hardly readable" (using + Foomatic-enabled ghostscript filters for models rated as + "paperweight" in the Linuxprinting.org database). + + ∪︀ + Linuxprinting.org + &PostScript; + + + + + PPD-O-Matic + PPD-O-Matic is a set of Perl-Scripts that run on the Linuxprinting.org + webserver and can be used online to generate PPDs for any printer that is known + to print with ghostscript. + + + These PPDs can be hook up to ∪︀/KDEPrint as well as + used inside PPD-aware applications like StarOffice to determine all different + parameters of your printjobs. It is now recommended for most cases to + use "PPD-O-Matic" instead of the older ∪︀-O-Matic. + + + To generate a PPD, go to the printer + database, select your printer model, follow + the link to show the available ghostscript filters for that printer, select + one, click "generate" and finally safe the file to your local system. + Make sure to read the instructions. Make sure your local system + does indeed have ghostscript and the filter installed, which you chose + before generating the PPD. + + &PostScript; + ∪︀-O-Matic + Linuxprinting.org + Foomatic + + + + + printcap + The "printcap" file holds in BSD-style print systems + the configuration information; the printing daemon reads this file + to know which printers are available, what filters are to + user for each, where the spooling directory is located, + if there are banner pages to be used, and so on... + Some applications also depend on reading access to the printcap + file to grap the names of available printer. + BSD-style printing + + + + + + Printer-MIB + Abbreviation for + Printer-Management + Information Base; the + Printer-MIB defines a set of parameters that are to be + stored inside the printer for access + through the network. This is useful if many (in some cases, literally + thousands of) network printers are managed centrally + with the help of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). + PWG + SNMP + + + + + PWG + Abbreviation for + Printer Working + Group; the PWG is a loose grouping of + representatives of the printer industry that has in the past + years developed different standards + in relation to nework printing, which were later accepted by the + IETF as RFC standards, like the "Printer-MIB" and the IPP. + &PostScript; + &PostScript; + IPP + Printer-MIB + SNMP + + + + + print:/ KIO Slave + You can use a syntax of "print:/..." to get quick access + to KDEPrint ressources. Typing "print:/manager" as a Konqueror URL + address gives administrative access to KDEPrint. Konqueror uses &kde;'s + famous "KParts" technology to achieve that. + IO Slave + KParts + + + + + + Printer Data Base + . + Linuxprinting Data Base + + + + + Qt∪︀ + co-developer of Qt∪︀ and KUPS, the predecessors of KDEPrint, + sole developer of KDEPrint -- a very nice and productive guy and quick bug fixer... ;-) + + kprinter + + + + + Raster Image + In the last resort, every picture on a physical medium + is composed of a pattern of discrete dots in different colors and (maybe) + sizes. This is called a "raster image". + + + This is opposed to a "vector image" + where the grafic is described in terms of continuous curves, shades, + forms and fills, represented by mathematical formula. Vector images + normally are of a smaller file size and may be scaled in size + without any loss of information and quality --- but they can't be + output directly, they always need to be "rendered" or "rasterized" + first to the given resolution, the output device is capable of... + + + + The rasterization is done by a Raster Image Processor (RIP, + often the Ghostscript software) or some other filtering + instance. + Pixel + Ghostscript + &PostScript; + Filter + RIP + + + + + RIP + Abbreviation for + Raster Image + Process(or); if used in the context of + printing, "RIP" means a hardware or software + instance that converts &PostScript; (or other print files + that represented in one of the non-Raster PDLs) into a + raster image format in such a way that it is acceptable + for the "marking engine" of the printer. + + + &PostScript; printers + contain their own PostScript-RIPs. A RIP may or may not be located + inside a printer. + + + For many &UNIX; systems, Ghostscript is the package that provides + a "RIP in software", running on the host computer, and pre-digesting + the &PostScript; or other data to become ready to be sent to the + printing device (hence you may sense a "grain of truth" in the + slogan "Ghostscript turns your printer into a &PostScript; + machine", which of course is not correct in the sense of the + letter.) + Filter + Ghostscript + &PostScript; + PDL + Raster + + + + + + RLPR (Remote LPR) + Abbreviation for Remote + Line Printing + Request; this is a a BSD-style printing system, + that needs no root priviledges to be installed and no "printcap" to + work: all parameters may be specified on the command + line. + + + RLPR comes in handy for many laptop users who are + working in frequently changing environments, because it + may be installed concurrently with every other printing + sub system and allows a very flexible and wuick + way to install a printer for direct access via LPR/LPD. + + + KDEPrint + has an "Add Printer Wizard" to make RLPR usage even more + easy. The kprinter command allows to switch to RLPR "on + the fly" at any time. + KDEPrint + kprinter + printcap + + + + + + SNMP + Abbreviation for Simple + Network Management + Protocol; SNMP is widely used to control + all sorts network nodes (Hosts, Routers, Switches, Gateways, + Printers...) remotely. + PWG + Printer-MIB + + + + + SSL(3) encryption + Abbreviation for Secure + Socket Layer; + SSL is a proprietary encryption method for data + transfer over HTTP that was developed by Netscape and is now being + re-placed by an IETF standard named TLS. + + Daemon + + + + + + SPOOLing + Abbreviation for Synchronous + Peripherals Operations + OnLine; + SPOOLing enables printing applications + (and users) to continue their work + as the job is being taken care of by a system daemon + who stores the file at a temporary location until the printer is ready + to print. + Daemon + + + + + + TLS encryption + Abbreviation for Transport + Layer Security; + SSL is an encryption standard for + data transfered over HTTP 1.1; it is defined in RFC ???? [#look up + number --TO BE DONE--] ; although based on the former SSL development + (from Netscape) it is not fully compatible to it. + + Daemon + + + + + + System V-style printing + This is the second flavour of traditional &UNIX; + printing (as opposed to BSD-style printing). It uses + a different command set (lp, lpadmin,...) from BSD, + but is not fundamentally different from it. However, the + gap between the two is big enough to make the two + incompatible so that a BSD-client can't simply print + to a System V style print server without additional + tweaking... IPP is supposed to resolve this weakness + and more. + + BSD-style printing + IPP + + + + + TurboPrint + A Shareware providing photo quality printing for many + inkjet printers; it is useful if you don't find a driver for your + printer otherwise; it may be hooked into a traditional Ghostscript + or into a modern ∪︀ system. + Gimp-Print + + + + + XPP + Abbreviation for X + Printing Panel; + XPP was the first Free + graphical print command for ∪︀, written by Till Kamppeter, + and in some ways a model for the "kprinter" utility in &kde;. + + + + + + + + -- cgit v1.2.1