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diff --git a/kwin/README b/kwin/README deleted file mode 100644 index 7677b2b78..000000000 --- a/kwin/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,206 +0,0 @@ -- The mailing list for KWin is twin@kde.org (https://mail.kde.org/mailman/listinfo/twin). - -- If you want to develop KWin, see file HACKING. - -- If you want to check KWin's compliance with specifications, see file COMPLIANCE. - -- File CONFIGURATION includes some details on configuring KWin. - -- Below is some info for application developers about application interaction - with the window manager, but it'd need some cleanup. - - - - - - - - - This README is meant as an explanation of various window manager related -mechanisms that application developers need to be aware of. As some of these -concepts may be difficult to understand for people not having the required -background knowledge (since sometimes it's difficult even for people who -do have the knowledge), the mechanisms are first briefly explained, and -then an example of fixing the various problems is given. - - For comments, questions, suggestions and whatever use the twin@kde.org -mailing list. - - -Table of contents: -================== - -- Window relations - - how to make the window manager know which windows belong together -- Focus stealing prevention - - how to solve cases where focus stealing prevention doesn't work - properly automatically - - - -Window relations: -================= - -(For now, this explanation of window relations is mainly meant for -focus stealing prevention. To be extended later.) - - All windows created by an application should be organized in a tree -with the root being the application's main window. Note that this is about -toplevel windows, not widgets inside the windows. For example, if you -have KWrite running, with a torn-off toolbar (i.e. a standalone toolbar), -a file save dialog open, and the file save dialog showing a dialog -for creating a directory, the window hiearchy should look like this: - - - KWrite mainwindow - / \ - / \ - file save dialog torn-off toolbar - \ - \ - create directory dialog - - Each subwindow (i.e. all except for the KWrite mainwindow) points to its -main window (which in turn may have another main window, as in the case -of the file save dialog). When the window manager knows these relations, -it can better arrange the windows (keeping subwindows above their -main windows, preventing activation of a main window of a modal dialog, -and similar). Failing to provide this information to the window manager -may have various results, for example having dialogs positioned below -the main window, - -The window property used by subwindows to point to their mainwindows is -called WM_TRANSIENT_FOR. It can be seen by running -'xprop | grep WM_TRANSIENT_FOR' and clicking on a window. If the property -is not present, the window does not (claim to) have any mainwindow. -If the property is present, it's value is the window id of its main window; -window id of any window can be found out by running 'xwininfo'. A window -having WM_TRANSIENT_FOR poiting to another window is said to be transient -for that window. - - In some cases, the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property may not point to any other -existing window, having value of 0, or pointing to the screen number -('xwininfo -root'). These special values mean that the window is transient -for all other windows in its window group. This should be used only -in rare cases, everytime a specific main window is known, WM_TRANSIENT_FOR -should be pointing to it instead of using one of these special values. -(The explanation why is beyond the scope of this document - just accept it -as a fact.) - - With Qt, the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property is set by Qt automatically, based -on the toplevel widget's parent. If the toplevel widget is of a normal -type (i.e. not a dialog, toolbar, etc.), Qt doesn't set WM_TRANSIENT_FOR -on it. For special widgets, such as dialogs, WM_TRANSIENT_FOR is set -to point to the widget's parent, if it has a specific parent, otherwise -WM_TRANSIENT_FOR points to the root window. - - As already said above, WM_TRANSIENT_FOR poiting to the root window should -be usually avoided, so everytime the widget's main widget is known, the widget -should get it passed as a parent in its constructor. -(TODO KDialog etc. classes should not have a default argument for the parent -argument, and comments like 'just pass 0 as the parent' should go.) - - - -Focus stealing prevention: -========================== - - Since KDE3.2 KWin has a feature called focus stealing prevention. As the name -suggests, it prevents unexpected changes of focus. With older versions of KWin, -if any application opened a new dialog, it became active, and -if the application's main window was on another virtual desktop, also -the virtual desktop was changed. This was annoying, and also sometimes led -to dialogs mistakenly being closed because they received keyboard input that -was meant for the previously active window. - - The basic principle of focus stealing prevention is that the window with most -recent user activity wins. Any window of an application will become active -when being shown only if this application was the most recently used one. -KWin itself, and some of the related tdecore classes should take care -of the common cases, so usually there's no need for any special handling -in applications. Qt/KDE applications, that is. Applications using other -toolkits should in most cases work fine too. If they don't support -the window property _NET_WM_USER_TIME, the window manager may fail to detect -the user timestamp properly, resulting either in other windows becoming active -while the user works with this application, or this application may sometimes -steal focus (this second case should be very rare though). - - There are also cases where KDE applications needs special handling. The two -most common cases are when windows relations are not setup properly to make -KWin realize that they belong to the same application, and when the user -activity is not represented by manipulating with the application windows -themselves. - - Also note that focus stealing prevention implemented in the window manager -can only help with focus stealing between different applications. -If an application itself suddenly pops up a dialog, KWin cannot do anything about -it, and its the application's job to handle this case. - - -Window relations: ------------------ - - The common case here is when a dialog is shown for an application, but this -dialog is not provided by the application itself, but by some other process. -For example, dialogs with warnings about accepted cookies are provided -by KCookieJar, instead of being shown by Konqueror. In the normal case, -from KWin's point of view the cookie dialog would be an attempt of another -application to show a dialog, and KWin wouldn't allow activation of this -window. - - The solution is to tell the window manager about the relation between -the Konqueror main window and the cookie dialog, by making the dialog -point to the mainwindow. Note that this is not special to focus stealing -prevention, subwindows such as dialogs, toolbars and similar should always -point to their mainwindow. See the section on window relations for full -description. - - The WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property that's set on dialogs to point to their -mainwindow should in the cookie dialog case point to the Konqueror window -for which it has been shown. This is solved in kcookiejar by including -the window id in the DCOP call. When the cookie dialog is shown, its -WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property is manually set using the XSetTransientForHint() -call (see kdelibs/kioslave/http/kcookiejar/kcookiewin.cpp). The arguments -to XSetTransientForHint() call are the X display (i.e. qt_xdisplay()), -the window id on which the WM_TRANSIENT_FOR property is to be set -(i.e. use QWidget::winId()), and the window id of the mainwindow. - - - Simple short HOWTO: - - To put it simply: Let's say you have a daemon application that has -DCOP call "showDialog( QString text )", and when this is called, it shows -a dialog with the given text. This won't work properly with focus stealing -prevention. The DCOP call should be changed to -"showDialog( QString text, long id )". The caller should pass something like -myMainWindow->winId() as the second argument. In the daemon, before -the dialog is shown, a call to XSetTransientHint() should be added: - - XSetTransientForHint( qt_xdisplay(), dialog->winId(), id_of_mainwindow ); - - That's it. - -Non-standard user activity: ---------------------------- - - The most common case in KDE will be DCOP calls. For example, KDesktop's DCOP -call "KDesktopIface popupExecuteCommand". Executing this DCOP call e.g. -from Konsole as 'dcop kdesktop KDesktopIface popupExecuteCommand" will lead -to showing the minicli, but the last user activity timestamp gained from events -sent by X server will be older than user activity timestamp of Konsole, and -would normally result in minicli not being active. Therefore, before showing -the minicli, kdesktop needs to call KApplication::updateUserTimestamp(). - - However, this shouldn't be done with all DCOP calls. If a DCOP call is not -a result of direct user action, calling KApplication::updateUserTimestamp() -would lead to focus stealing. For example, let's assume for a moment -that KMail would use this DCOP call in case it detects the modem is not -connected, allowing to you to start KPPP or whatever tool you use. If KMail -would be configured to check mail every 10 minutes, this would lead to minicli -possibly suddenly showing up at every check. Basically, doing the above change -to kdesktop's minicli means that the popupExecuteCommand() DCOP call is only -for user scripting. (TODO write about focus transferring?) - - Simply said, KApplication::updateUserTimestamp() should be called only -as a result of user action. Unfortunately, I'm not aware of any universal -way how to handle this, so every case will have to be considered separately. |