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$Id: README.libusb,v 1.4 2007/02/16 18:26:41 desrod Exp $
======================================================================
README.libusb
Author: David A. Desrosiers
Updated: Sun Feb 4 15:49:15 EST 2007
======================================================================
This README will describe in detail, the process and programs necessary
to get pilot-link 0.12.0 and later working with libusb on Linux and Mac
OS X machines.
Why do I want to use libusb?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
libusb is an alternative way of communicating with USB devices
on Linux, Unix, Mac OS X and Windows machines.
In the Linux world, Palm devices using USB would require the
Linux kernel's "visor" module, written and maintained by Greg
Kroah-Hartman.
A lot of work and testing has been put into the visor module
over the years and it is very solid, but making sure that it
remains current with released Palm devices can be problematic,
because the devices coming out are always different and some
can require special handling.
The current version of the visor module allows you to insert it
into the kernel namespace with the proper Palm product and
vendor values at runtime (described in README.usb), so
modifying the module's source code and rebuilding it is no
longer necessary as it was with earlier versions of the visor
module.
Using libusb, you no longer have to use the visor module, and
you can talk "directly" to the device. In short, libusb
requires less maintenance overhead, and is MUCH faster to use
with current Palm devices (roughly 200% to 600% faster,
depending on your Palm's processor speed and the type of
records you are syncronizing across. YMMV, of course.).
Why is visor so slow? Why is libusb so much faster?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
In testing, syncronizing a Palm device with libusb has been
shown to be anywhere from 200% to 600% faster vs. using the
kernel visor module.
The kernel visor module itself is not "slow", there are just
more kernel interfaces to pass through, which slows down the
communication between kernel and Palm.
It has never been optimized for speed, and certainly could be,
if someone was interested in doing so. The primary maintainer
is not.
Does it work with every device?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
It works with every device I've personally tested it with,
which isn't saying much. This includes an m505, T2, T3, Treo650
and Treo680 device. They all work over libusb without too much
trouble at all.
Some devices behave very differently with respect to the
"timing" between the point where you hit HotSync and the time
libusb recognizes it on the bus, but everything I've used with
it seems to work once I get a feel for the right timing.
Does that mean it will work with every device? No. We need
testers to make sure it works reliably.
If you have a device that doesn't work with libusb, we want to
know about it.
How do I use libusb, assuming I have all the pieces?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Simply pass the port of 'usb:' (without the quotes) as the port
designation when using any pilot-link or GUI conduits or tools.
Some examples of that are:
pilot-xfer -p usb: -b $HOME/Palm/backups
pilot-dlpsh -p usb:
pilot-nredir -e -p usb:
The same syntax applies when running pilot-link on Mac OS X
machines.
When you configure J-Pilot, gnome-pilot or KPilot, the port
designation of 'usb:' is still the same.
What are these "pieces" I need?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now things get really interesting.
Below are the necessary programs and versions you'll need.
These are the MINIMUM versions you can use. Anything earlier
than these versions WILL NOT work, and will likely cause other
problems.
- pilot-link....: 0.12.0
- libusb........: 0.1
- libusb-dev....: 0.1 headers
- udev..........: 0.70
- Linux kernel..: 2.4.21 or 2.6.10
You'll also need the 60-libpisock.rules file included in the
latest pilot-link release. A copy of the current file can be
found at the following URL, and will always be updated to
reflect the latest changes or additions:
http://cvs.pilot-link.org/index.cgi/doc/60-libpisock.rules
Let's go through each item above and see what we need here:
pilot-link
---------------------------------------------------
First, you'll need to grab a copy of the latest release
of pilot-link 0.12.0 or later. libusb does NOT work
with pilot-link v0.11.8 or previous versions. There is
no code in pilot-link 0.11.8 to use libusb, so you
can't use that version or anything earlier than that.
You MUST use 0.12.0 or later to use libusb. Stick with
the latest public release (and not CVS versions) and
you'll be fine.
CVS versions tend to include some unstable code being
put there for other developers to test, and may
sometimes break, so its best to stick with a public,
released version.
libusb
---------------------------------------------------
libusb should be a part of your current Linux or
FreeBSD distribution. If it isn't, you can install it
with the standard Linux package management tools for
your distribution (apt-get, yast2, yum, etc.)
On Debian, this is as simple as:
apt-get update && apt-get install libusb libusb-dev
This should get you the pieces you'll need.
On Fedora/Red Hat, you can use yum or urpmi or similar
tools, as in:
yum update
yum install libusb libusb libusb-devel
Other distributions may vary, but the package names
should be similar.
Remember, you'll want version 0.1 or later, and make
sure you use the one supplied with your distribution.
Don't try to build and install your own version from
source, unless your distribution uses that method
(FreeBSD, Gentoo, LFS)
udev
---------------------------------------------------
Your distribution should have this already, there is no
need to install it, but you may need to update it to
the latest, current version if you are behind in
updates.
The important thing is that you have a version of AT
LEAST 0.70 or later. Anything earlier will cause
problems, and we cannot support it.
BIG FAT WARNING: Do not... I repeat, do NOT try to
build and install udev from source. The documentation
that comes with it warns against it, and it WILL break
things. Don't do it. Use your distributions package for
it and you'll be fine.
How do I configure these pieces on Linux?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Easy!
Assuming you have all of the prerequisites above, and have
compiled (but NOT installed!) pilot-link 0.12.0 against libusb
(described below, don't worry), and that it reported a
successful libusb implementation at configure time, you can
proceed.
setting up the rules file for udev
---------------------------------------------------
We need to configure and restart udev first, and since
its the easiest of the pieces, we'll start there.
Put the 60-libpisock.rules file that came with your
pilot-link release in '/etc/udev/rules.d/' and restart
udev.
Check that the file was read and parsed by udev by
looking at the udev logs in /var/log (if you log, if
not, enable logging in /etc/udev/udev.conf and restart
udev to verify), or use the following to enable logging
at runtime:
udevcontrol log_priority="debug"
Check that it saw the new file and has correctly parsed
it.
mount the kernel's usbfs
---------------------------------------------------
Make sure you have usbfs mounted, which can be found in
fstab, by adding the following line:
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options>
none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults
Then 'mount -a' to make sure its mounted. You should
now have a /proc/bus/usb directory heirarchy. The "new"
udev and libusb will be using /dev/bus/usb, but many
applications still use /proc/bus/usb, so we'll mount it
until that gets deprecated.
blacklist the kernel visor module
---------------------------------
In order to use libusb, you'll want to make sure the
kernel "visor" module does not automatically load when
it sees a Palm device connecting to the USB root hub on
your system.
udev method (for newer udev versions, no hotplug)
-------------------------------------------------
If your udev is new enough and you no longer use
hotplug, you can use the following process to blacklist
the visor module:
Simply add the two words 'blacklist visor' (without
quotes) to a new file called:
/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-palm
If that file doesn't exist, create it and put the
one-line entry into it.
older method (for systems still using hotplug)
-------------------------------------------------
You can blacklist list by adding 'visor' to the
/etc/hotplug/blacklist file to stop hotplug from
loading it at connect time.
Don't forget to restart hotplug to re-read the
blacklist file.
pilot-link
---------------------------------------------------
You'll need to compile pilot-link by passing the
--enable-libusb option at configure time. When you
configure it with libusb support, you should see the
following output in the summary page:
Direct USB support...... : yes, libusb
If you do not see that, you are missing some critical
build dependency (such as the libusb development
package, which includes the necessary header files to
provide this support).
Check config.log, search for libusb and see what went
wrong. Remember, you'll need the libusb headers to
build the support into pilot-link for it, not the
runtime. This will be a libusb-dev or libusb-devel
package on most distributions.
How do I configure these pieces on OS X?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
OSX is even easier, you don't have to do anything. Just
configure pilot-link *WITHOUT* passing the --enable-libusb
option, and use the same port designation ('usb:' without
quotes), and it will "Just Work(tm)". Many thanks go to Florent
Pillet for debugging this and making it work as quickly as it
does.
Florent's SyncBuddy product is based on libpisock, the core
library behind pilot-link. If you want a VERY fast
syncronization application for OSX which can read Photos,
external storage, backup, and do many other things, check it
out and support his efforts and contributions:
http://www.florentpillet.com/syncbuddy.html
Ok, I have all the pieces, I've configured them, now what?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you're sure you've done everything above, and all services
and pieces are configured and restarted properly, you're almost
done.
The last step is to try it. To do that, just launch any of the
pilot-link conduits using the following syntax:
pilot-link -p usb: -l
pilot-dlpsh -p usb:
You should see something like this:
$ pilot-xfer -p usb: -l
Listening for incoming connection on usb:...
The port designation for libusb is simply 'usb:' (minus the
quotes). You can launch it at the desktop side first, and it
will wait for an incoming connection for as long as it takes to
receive one.
That's it. If you get any sort of error or other problem, make
sure the visor module is truly unloaded (rmmod visor, as root),
make sure udev and hotplug are restarted, make sure your
pilot-link is the right version (built with libusb support),
and make sure your .rules file is in the right place for your
Palm device.
None of this is working! Where do I go for help now?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
There are mailing lists and an irc channel that can help. You
can find those at the following places:
General discussion, problems, configuration issues
------------------------------------------------------
http://www.pilot-link.org/mailman/listinfo/pilot-link-general
Development-related issues and discussion, i.e. "code"
------------------------------------------------------
http://www.pilot-link.org/mailman/listinfo/pilot-link-devel
pilot-link irc channel
------------------------------------------------------
We can also be found on irc, at irc.pilot-link.org in the
channel #pilot-link
If your irc client supports SSL, you can point to port 994 on
irc.pilot-link.org and have a secured session (no cleartext).
If you cannot use SSL, use port 6667 for "normal" irc.
Lastly, I can be reached directly at desrod@gnu-designs.com if
nothing else works for you. Try the mailing lists and irc first
though, as I might be hard to reach at times.
Donating to pilot-link
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Do you like our work? Do you rely on the code we release for
your daily work or for your own commercial or OSS project?
Please consider donating to keep the project going. We're 100%
self-funded, and we see a LOT of traffic from users and
downloads. Every contribution helps, whether to pay for
bandwidth or to buy devices for testing.
You can help support us by visiting the pilot-link.org site and
clicking on the "Donate" button on the left side of the page.
We thank you for your contributions, whatever you can offer.
Thanks go to...
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Justin Paulsen, "Petaris" on irc, for his tireless testing
efforts, mirroring pilot-link releases, helping out users on
irc, and keeping things lively in general.
Florent Pillet, "fpillet" on irc, for helping fix up libpisock
to work on OSX and doing testing on newer devices to work out
the various Heisenbergs found in there. His work has been
invaluable over the last year or two with usb, devices and OS X
support.
Zephania Hull, "Mercury" on irc for spending the time and
effort to get libusb worked out on the Linux side. Without his
effort, libusb wouldn't be where it is today.
Other thanks go to Knghtbird, Nicholas Piper, Adriaan de Groot,
John Marshall, Kenneth Albanowski and many others through the
years for helping bring this to where it is today. If I've
forgotten to mention you, just let me know.
|