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Diffstat (limited to 'x11vnc/README')
| -rw-r--r-- | x11vnc/README | 921 |
1 files changed, 482 insertions, 439 deletions
diff --git a/x11vnc/README b/x11vnc/README index ff94c1e..b5a1be7 100644 --- a/x11vnc/README +++ b/x11vnc/README @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -x11vnc README file Date: Thu Mar 2 19:06:49 EST 2006 +x11vnc README file Date: Sat Mar 4 17:57:40 EST 2006 The following information is taken from these URLs: @@ -184,11 +184,12 @@ splay :0' command: sitting-here> vncviewer -encodings "copyrect tight zrle hextile" localhost:0 - Note: The -encodings option is very important: vncviewer will default - to "raw" encoding if it thinks the connection is to the local machine, - and so vncviewer gets tricked this way by the ssh redirection. "raw" - encoding will be extremely slow over a networked link, so you need to - force the issue with -encodings "copyrect tight ...". + Note: The -encodings option is very important: vncviewer will often + default to "raw" encoding if it thinks the connection is to the local + machine, and so vncviewer gets tricked this way by the ssh + redirection. "raw" encoding will be extremely slow over a networked + link, so you need to force the issue with -encodings "copyrect tight + ...". Note that "x11vnc -localhost ..." limits incoming vncviewer connections to only those from the same machine. This is very natural @@ -522,6 +523,8 @@ r/sfw; make' Here is a build script that indicates one way to pass the library locations information to the libvncserver configuration via the CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS environment variables. +---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8 +<--- #!/bin/sh # Build script for Solaris, etc, with gcc, libjpeg and libz in @@ -562,6 +565,9 @@ make ls -l ./x11vnc/x11vnc +---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8<---8 +<--- + Then do make install or copy the x11vnc binary to your desired destination. @@ -1391,7 +1397,7 @@ env DISPLAY=`echo $DISPLAY | sed -e 's/^.*:/unix:/'` xscreensaver & mouse to the edge of the screen where the popups happen, the taskbars interfere and fight with each other in strange ways. What can I do? - [Misc: Clipboard, Beeps, Thanks, etc.] + [Misc: Clipboard, File Transfer, Beeps, Thanks, etc.] [182]Q-85: Does the Clipboard/Selection get transferred between the vncviewer and the X display? @@ -2732,24 +2738,41 @@ exit 1 and "Password:" dialog is presented to the user on a black screen inside the vncviewer. The connection is dropped if the user fails to supply the correct password in 3 tries or does not send one before a - 20 second timeout. Existing clients are view-only during this period. - A list of allowed Unix usernames can also be supplied. Two settings - are enforced in -unixpw mode to provide extra security: the - [308]-localhost and [309]-stunnel options. Without these one might - send the Unix username and password in clear text over the network - which is a very bad idea. They can be relaxed if you want to provide - encryption other than stunnel (the stunnel constraint is automatically - relaxed if SSH_CONNECTION is set and indicates you have ssh-ed in). + 25 second timeout. Existing clients are view-only during this period. + A list of allowed Unix usernames may also be supplied along with + per-user settings. + + There is also the [308]-unixpw_nis option for non-shadow-password + (typically NIS environments, hence the name) systems where the + traditional getpwnam() and crypt() functions are used. The encrypted + user passwords must be accessible to the user running x11vnc in + -unixpw_nis mode. See ypcat(1) and shadow(5). + + Two settings are enforced in the -unixpw and -unixpw_nis modes to + provide extra security: the 1) [309]-localhost and 2) [310]-stunnel + options. Without these one might send the Unix username and password + data in clear text over the network which is a very bad idea. They can + be relaxed if you want to provide encryption other than stunnel (the + stunnel constraint is automatically relaxed if SSH_CONNECTION is set + and indicates you have ssh-ed in, however the -localhost requirement + is still enforced). + + The two -unixpw modes have been tested on Linux, Solaris, HP-UX, + Tru64, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and NetBSD. Additional testing is + appreciated. For the last 4 it appears that su(1) will not prompt for + a password if su-ing to oneself. Since x11vnc requires a password + prompt from su, those logins will fail. On *BSD it appears this can be + corrected by commenting out the pam_self.so entry in /etc/pam.d/su. Previous discussion: One approximate method involves starting x11vnc - with the [310]-localhost option. This basically requires the viewer + with the [311]-localhost option. This basically requires the viewer user to log into the workstation where x11vnc is running via their Unix username and password, and then somehow set up a port redirection of his vncviewer connection to make it appear to emanate from the local machine. As discussed above, ssh is useful for this: "ssh -L 5900:localhost:5900 user@hostname ..." See the ssh wrapper scripts - mentioned [311]elsewhere on this page. [312]stunnel does this as well. + mentioned [312]elsewhere on this page. [313]stunnel does this as well. Of course a malicious user could allow other users to get in through his channel, but that is a problem with every method. Another thing to @@ -2760,7 +2783,7 @@ exit 1 traditional way would be to further require a VNC password to supplied (-rfbauth, -passwd, etc) and only tell the people allowed in what the VNC password is. A scheme that avoids a second password involves using - the [313]-accept option that runs a program to examine the connection + the [314]-accept option that runs a program to examine the connection information to determine which user is connecting from the local machine. That may be difficult to do, but, for example, the program could use the ident service on the local machine (normally ident @@ -2796,7 +2819,7 @@ exit 1 # reject it display manager like gdm(1). Can I have x11vnc later switch to a different user? - As of Feb/2005 x11vnc has the [314]-users option that allows things + As of Feb/2005 x11vnc has the [315]-users option that allows things like this. Please read the documentation on it (also in the x11vnc -help output) carefully for features and caveats. It's use can often decrease security unless care is taken. @@ -2821,7 +2844,7 @@ exit 1 # reject it In any event, as of Jun/2004 there is an experimental utility to make it more difficult for nosey people to see your x11vnc activities. The - source for it is [315]blockdpy.c The idea behind it is simple (but + source for it is [316]blockdpy.c The idea behind it is simple (but obviously not bulletproof): when a VNC client attaches to x11vnc put the display monitor in the DPMS "off" state, if the DPMS state ever changes immediately start up the screen-lock program. The x11vnc user @@ -2837,8 +2860,8 @@ exit 1 # reject it bulletproof. A really robust solution would likely require X server and perhaps even video hardware support. - The blockdpy utility is launched by the [316]-accept option and told - to exit via the [317]-gone option (the vnc client user should + The blockdpy utility is launched by the [317]-accept option and told + to exit via the [318]-gone option (the vnc client user should obviously re-lock the screen before disconnecting!). Instructions can be found in the source code for the utility at the above link. @@ -2846,7 +2869,7 @@ exit 1 # reject it Q-42: Can I have x11vnc automatically lock the screen when I disconnect the VNC viewer? - Yes, a user mentions he uses the [318]-gone option under CDE to run a + Yes, a user mentions he uses the [319]-gone option under CDE to run a screen lock program: x11vnc -display :0 -forever -gone 'dtaction LockDisplay' @@ -2855,7 +2878,7 @@ exit 1 # reject it x11vnc -display :0 -forever -gone 'kdesktop_lock' x11vnc -display :0 -forever -gone 'xlock &' - Here is a scheme using the [319]-afteraccept option (in version 0.7.3) + Here is a scheme using the [320]-afteraccept option (in version 0.7.3) to unlock the screen after the first valid VNC login and to lock the screen after the last valid VNC login disconnects: x11vnc -display :0 -forever -shared -afteraccept ./myxlocker -gone ./myxlocke @@ -2894,11 +2917,11 @@ fi need to have sufficient permissions to connect to the X display. Here are some ideas: - * Use the description under "Continuously" in the [320]FAQ on x11vnc + * Use the description under "Continuously" in the [321]FAQ on x11vnc and Display Managers - * Use the description in the [321]FAQ on x11vnc and inetd(1) + * Use the description in the [322]FAQ on x11vnc and inetd(1) * Start x11vnc from your $HOME/.xsession (or $HOME/.xinitrc) - * Although less reliable, see the [322]x11vnc_loop rc.local hack + * Although less reliable, see the [323]x11vnc_loop rc.local hack below. The display manager scheme will not be specific to which user has the @@ -2929,7 +2952,7 @@ x11vnc -logfile $HOME/.x11vnc.log -rfbauth $HOME/.vnc/passwd -forever -bg while running x11vnc as root, e.g. for the gnome display manager, gdm: x11vnc -auth /var/gdm/:0.Xauth -display :0 - (the [323]-auth option sets the XAUTHORITY variable for you). + (the [324]-auth option sets the XAUTHORITY variable for you). There will be a similar thing for xdm using however a different auth directory path (perhaps something like @@ -2954,7 +2977,7 @@ x11vnc -logfile $HOME/.x11vnc.log -rfbauth $HOME/.vnc/passwd -forever -bg auth file should be in /var/dt), you'll also need to add something like Dtlogin*grabServer:False to the Xconfig file (/etc/dt/config/Xconfig or /usr/dt/config/Xconfig on Solaris, see - [324]the example at the end of this FAQ). Then restart dtlogin, e.g.: + [325]the example at the end of this FAQ). Then restart dtlogin, e.g.: /etc/init.d/dtlogin stop; /etc/init.d/dtlogin start or reboot. Continuously. Have x11vnc reattach each time the X server is @@ -3017,7 +3040,7 @@ rever -bg Then restart: /usr/sbin/gdm-restart (or reboot). The KillInitClients=false setting is important: without it x11vnc will be - killed immediately after the user logs in. Here are [325]full details + killed immediately after the user logs in. Here are [326]full details on how to configure gdm _________________________________________________________________ @@ -3059,13 +3082,13 @@ rever -bg If you do not want to deal with any display manager startup scripts, here is a kludgey script that can be run manually or out of a boot - file like rc.local: [326]x11vnc_loop It will need some local + file like rc.local: [327]x11vnc_loop It will need some local customization before running. Because the XAUTHORITY auth file must be guessed by this script, use of the display manager script method described above is greatly preferred. If the machine is a traditional Xterminal you may want to read - [327]this FAQ. + [328]this FAQ. Q-45: Can I run x11vnc out of inetd(1)? How about xinetd(1)? @@ -3075,7 +3098,7 @@ rever -bg 5900 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/local/bin/x11vnc_sh - where the shell script /usr/local/bin/x11vnc_sh uses the [328]-inetd + where the shell script /usr/local/bin/x11vnc_sh uses the [329]-inetd option and looks something like (you'll need to customize to your settings). #!/bin/sh @@ -3088,7 +3111,7 @@ rever -bg and that confuses it greatly, causing it to abort). If you do not use a wrapper script as above but rather call x11vnc directly in /etc/inetd.conf and do not redirect stderr to a file, then you must - specify the -q (aka [329]-quiet) option: "/usr/local/bin/x11vnc -q + specify the -q (aka [330]-quiet) option: "/usr/local/bin/x11vnc -q -inetd ...". When you supply both -q and -inet and no "-o logfile" then stderr will automatically be closed (to prevent, e.g. library stderr messages leaking out to the viewer). The recommended practice @@ -3096,7 +3119,7 @@ rever -bg script with "2>logfile" redirection because the errors and warnings printed out are very useful in troubleshooting problems. - Note also the need to set XAUTHORITY via [330]-auth to point to the + Note also the need to set XAUTHORITY via [331]-auth to point to the MIT-COOKIE auth file to get permission to connect to the X display (setting and exporting the XAUTHORITY variable accomplishes the same thing). See the x11vnc_loop file in the previous question for more @@ -3164,7 +3187,7 @@ service x11vncservice Q-46: Can I have x11vnc restart itself after it terminates? One could do this in a shell script, but now there is an option - [331]-loop that makes it easier. Of course when x11vnc restarts it + [332]-loop that makes it easier. Of course when x11vnc restarts it needs to have permissions to connect to the (potentially new) X display. This mode could be useful if the X server restarts often. Use e.g. "-loop5000" to sleep 5000 ms between restarts. Also "-loop2000,5" @@ -3175,7 +3198,7 @@ service x11vncservice web browser? To have x11vnc serve up a Java VNC viewer applet to any web browsers - that connect to it, run x11vnc with this [332]option: + that connect to it, run x11vnc with this [333]option: -httpdir /path/to/the/java/classes/dir (this directory will contain the files index.vnc and, for example, @@ -3194,7 +3217,7 @@ service x11vncservice then you can connect to that URL with any Java enabled browser. Feel free to customize the default index.vnc file in the classes directory. - As of May/2005 the [333]-http option will try to guess where the Java + As of May/2005 the [334]-http option will try to guess where the Java classes jar file is by looking a expected locations. Also note that if you wanted to, you could also start the Java viewer @@ -3208,7 +3231,7 @@ service x11vncservice As of Mar/2004 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc supports reverse connections. On Unix one starts the VNC viewer in listen mode: vncviewer -listen (see your documentation for Windows, etc), and then - starts up x11vnc with the [334]-connect option. To connect immediately + starts up x11vnc with the [335]-connect option. To connect immediately at x11vnc startup time use the "-connect host:port" option (use commas for a list of hosts to connect to). The ":port" is optional (default is 5500). If a file is specified instead: -connect /path/to/some/file @@ -3216,7 +3239,7 @@ service x11vncservice hosts to connect to. To use the vncconnect(1) program (from the core VNC package at - www.realvnc.com) specify the [335]-vncconnect option to x11vnc (Note: + www.realvnc.com) specify the [336]-vncconnect option to x11vnc (Note: as of Dec/2004 -vncconnect is now the default). vncconnect(1) must be pointed to the same X11 DISPLAY as x11vnc (since it uses X properties to communicate with x11vnc). If you do not have or do not want to get @@ -3260,7 +3283,7 @@ xprop -root -f VNC_CONNECT 8s -set VNC_CONNECT "$1" There are some annoyances WRT Xvfb though. The default keyboard mapping seems to be very poor. One should run x11vnc with - [336]-add_keysyms option to have keysyms added automatically. Also, to + [337]-add_keysyms option to have keysyms added automatically. Also, to add the Shift_R and Control_R modifiers something like this is needed: #!/bin/sh xmodmap -e "keycode any = Shift_R" @@ -3282,11 +3305,11 @@ xmodmap -e "add Control = Control_L Control_R" The main drawback to this method (besides requiring extra configuration and possibly root permission) is that it also does the - Linux Virtual Console/Terminal (VC/VT) [337]switching even though it + Linux Virtual Console/Terminal (VC/VT) [338]switching even though it does not need to (since it doesn't use a real framebuffer). There are some "dual headed" (actually multi-headed/multi-user) patches to the X server that turn off the VT usage in the X server. Update: As of - Jul/2005 we have an LD_PRELOAD script [338]Xdummy that allows you to + Jul/2005 we have an LD_PRELOAD script [339]Xdummy that allows you to use a stock (i.e. unpatched) Xorg or XFree86 server with the "dummy" driver and not have any VT switching problems! Currently Xdummy needs to be run as root, but with some luck that may be relaxed in the @@ -3318,7 +3341,7 @@ startx -- /path/to/Xdummy :1 An X server can be started on the headless machine (sometimes this requires configuring the X server to not fail if it cannot detect a keyboard or mouse, see the next paragraph). Then you can export that X - display via x11vnc (e.g. see [339]this FAQ) and access it from + display via x11vnc (e.g. see [340]this FAQ) and access it from anywhere on the network via a VNC viewer. Some tips on getting X servers to start on machines without keyboard @@ -3361,7 +3384,7 @@ startx -- /path/to/Xdummy :1 19/03/2004 10:10:58 error creating tile-row shm for len=4 19/03/2004 10:10:58 reverting to single_copytile mode - Here is a shell script [340]shm_clear to list and prompt for removal + Here is a shell script [341]shm_clear to list and prompt for removal of your unattached shm segments (attached ones are skipped). I use it while debugging x11vnc (I use "shm_clear -y" to assume "yes" for each prompt). If x11vnc is regularly not cleaning up its shm segments, @@ -3395,36 +3418,36 @@ ied) in /etc/system. See the next paragraph for more workarounds. To minimize the number of shm segments used by x11vnc try using the - [341]-onetile option (corresponds to only 3 shm segments used, and + [342]-onetile option (corresponds to only 3 shm segments used, and adding -fs 1.0 knocks it down to 2). If you are having much trouble with shm segments, consider disabling shm completely via the - [342]-noshm option. Performance will be somewhat degraded but when + [343]-noshm option. Performance will be somewhat degraded but when done over local machine sockets it should be acceptable (see an - [343]earlier question discussing -noshm). + [344]earlier question discussing -noshm). Q-52: How can I make x11vnc use less system resources? - The [344]-nap and "[345]-wait n" (where n is the sleep between polls + The [345]-nap and "[346]-wait n" (where n is the sleep between polls in milliseconds, the default is 30 or so) option are good places to start. Reducing the X server bits per pixel depth (e.g. to 16bpp or even 8bpp) will further decrease memory I/O and network I/O. The ShadowFB will make x11vnc's screen polling less severe. Using the - [346]-onetile option will use less memory and use fewer shared memory - slots (add [347]-fs 1.0 for one less slot). + [347]-onetile option will use less memory and use fewer shared memory + slots (add [348]-fs 1.0 for one less slot). Q-53: How can I make x11vnc use MORE system resources? - You can try [348]-threads and dial down the wait time (e.g. -wait 1) - and possibly dial down [349]-defer as well. Note that if you try to + You can try [349]-threads and dial down the wait time (e.g. -wait 1) + and possibly dial down [350]-defer as well. Note that if you try to increase the "frame rate" too much you can bog down the server end with the extra work it needs to do compressing the framebuffer data, etc. That said, it is possible to "stream" video via x11vnc if the video window is small enough. E.g. a 256x192 xawtv TV capture window (using - the x11vnc [350]-id option) can be streamed over a LAN or wireless at + the x11vnc [351]-id option) can be streamed over a LAN or wireless at a reasonable frame rate. @@ -3440,16 +3463,16 @@ ied) * Use a smaller desktop size (e.g. 1024x768 instead of 1280x1024) * Make sure the desktop background is a solid color (the background is resent every time it is re-exposed). Consider using the - [351]-solid [color] option to try to do this automatically. + [352]-solid [color] option to try to do this automatically. * Configure your window manager or desktop "theme" to not use fancy images, shading, and gradients for the window decorations, etc. Disable window animations, etc. Maybe your desktop has a "low bandwidth" theme you can easily switch into and out of. * Avoid small scrolls of large windows using the Arrow keys or scrollbar. Try to use PageUp/PageDown instead. (not so much of a - problem in x11vnc 0.7.2 if [352]-scrollcopyrect is active and + problem in x11vnc 0.7.2 if [353]-scrollcopyrect is active and detecting scrolls for the application). - * If the [353]-wireframe option is not available (earlier than + * If the [354]-wireframe option is not available (earlier than x11vnc 0.7.2 or you have disabled it via -nowireframe) then Disable Opaque Moves and Resizes in the window manager/desktop. * However if -wireframe is active (on by default in x11vnc 0.7.2) @@ -3469,7 +3492,7 @@ ied) noticed. VNC viewer parameters: - * Use a [354]TightVNC enabled viewer! (Actually, RealVNC 4.x viewer + * Use a [355]TightVNC enabled viewer! (Actually, RealVNC 4.x viewer with ZRLE encoding is not too bad either; some claim it is faster). * Make sure the tight (or zrle) encoding is being used (look at @@ -3492,28 +3515,28 @@ ied) file. x11vnc parameters: - * Try using [355]-nodragging (no screen updates when dragging mouse, + * Try using [356]-nodragging (no screen updates when dragging mouse, but sometimes you miss visual feedback) - * Make sure the [356]-wireframe option is active (it should be on by + * Make sure the [357]-wireframe option is active (it should be on by default) and you have Opaque Moves/Resizes Enabled in the window manager. - * Make sure the [357]-scrollcopyrect option is active (it should be + * Make sure the [358]-scrollcopyrect option is active (it should be on by default). This detects scrolls in many (but not all) applications an applies the CopyRect encoding for a big speedup. - * Set [358]-fs 1.0 (disables fullscreen updates) - * Try increasing [359]-wait or [360]-defer (reduces the maximum + * Set [359]-fs 1.0 (disables fullscreen updates) + * Try increasing [360]-wait or [361]-defer (reduces the maximum "frame rate", but won't help much for large screen changes) - * Try the [361]-progressive pixelheight mode with the block + * Try the [362]-progressive pixelheight mode with the block pixelheight 100 or so (delays sending vertical blocks since they may change while viewer is receiving earlier ones) - * If you just want to watch one (simple) window use [362]-id (cuts + * If you just want to watch one (simple) window use [363]-id (cuts down extraneous polling and updates, but can be buggy or insufficient) - * Set [363]-nosel (disables all clipboard selection exchange) - * Use [364]-nocursor and [365]-nocursorpos (repainting the remote + * Set [364]-nosel (disables all clipboard selection exchange) + * Use [365]-nocursor and [366]-nocursorpos (repainting the remote cursor position and shape takes resources and round trips) * On very slow links (e.g. <= 28.8) you may need to increase the - [366]-readtimeout n setting if it sometimes takes more than 20sec + [367]-readtimeout n setting if it sometimes takes more than 20sec to paint the full screen, etc. @@ -3535,7 +3558,7 @@ ied) Note that the DAMAGE extension does not speed up the actual reading of pixels from the video card framebuffer memory, by, say, mirroring them - in main memory. So reading the fb is still painfully [367]slow (e.g. + in main memory. So reading the fb is still painfully [368]slow (e.g. 5MB/sec), and so even using X DAMAGE when large changes occur on the screen the bulk of the time is still spent retrieving them. Not ideal, but use of the ShadowFB XFree86/Xorg option speeds up the reading @@ -3553,27 +3576,27 @@ ied) DAMAGE rectangles to contain real damage. The larger rectangles are only used as hints to focus the traditional scanline polling (i.e. if a scanline doesn't intersect a recent DAMAGE rectangle, the scan is - skipped). You can use the "[368]-xd_area A" option to adjust the size + skipped). You can use the "[369]-xd_area A" option to adjust the size of the trusted DAMAGE rectangles. The default is 20000 pixels (e.g. a 140x140 square, etc). Use "-xd_area 0" to disable the cutoff and trust all DAMAGE rectangles. - The option "[369]-xd_mem f" may also be of use in tuning the - algorithm. To disable using DAMAGE entirely use "[370]-noxdamage". + The option "[370]-xd_mem f" may also be of use in tuning the + algorithm. To disable using DAMAGE entirely use "[371]-noxdamage". Q-56: When I drag windows around with the mouse or scroll up and down things really bog down (unless I do the drag in a single, quick motion). Is there anything to do to improve things? - This problem is primarily due to [371]slow hardware read rates from + This problem is primarily due to [372]slow hardware read rates from video cards: as you scroll or move a large window around the screen changes are much too rapid for x11vnc to keep up them (it can usually only read the video card at about 5-10 MB/sec, so it can take a good fraction of a second to read the changes induce from moving a large window, if this to be done a number of times in succession the window or scroll appears to "lurch" forward). See the description in the - [372]-pointer_mode option for more info. The next bottleneck is + [373]-pointer_mode option for more info. The next bottleneck is compressing all of these changes and sending them out to connected viewers, however the VNC protocol is pretty much self-adapting with respect to that (updates are only packaged and sent when viewers ask @@ -3583,26 +3606,26 @@ ied) tree. The default should now be much better than before and dragging small windows around should no longer be a huge pain. If for some reason these changes make matters worse, you can go back to the old - way via the "[373]-pointer_mode 1" option. + way via the "[374]-pointer_mode 1" option. - Also added was the [374]-nodragging option that disables all screen + Also added was the [375]-nodragging option that disables all screen updates while dragging with the mouse (i.e. mouse motion with a button held down). This gives the snappiest response, but might be undesired in some circumstances when you want to see the visual feedback while dragging (e.g. menu traversal or text selection). - As of Dec/2004 in the libvncserver CVS the [375]-pointer_mode n option + As of Dec/2004 in the libvncserver CVS the [376]-pointer_mode n option was introduced. n=1 is the original mode, n=2 an improvement, etc.. See the -pointer_mode n help for more info. - Also, in some circumstances the [376]-threads option can improve + Also, in some circumstances the [377]-threads option can improve response considerably. Be forewarned that if more than one vncviewer is connected at the same time then libvncserver may not be thread safe (try to get the viewers to use different VNC encodings, e.g. tight and ZRLE). As of Apr/2005 in the libvncserver CVS two new options (see the - [377]wireframe FAQ and [378]scrollcopyrect FAQ below) provide schemes + [378]wireframe FAQ and [379]scrollcopyrect FAQ below) provide schemes to sweep this problem under the rug for window moves or resizes and for some (but not all) window scrolls. @@ -3618,8 +3641,8 @@ ied) shown. When the window move/resize stops, it returns to normal processing: you should only see the window appear in the new position. This spares you from interacting with a "lurching" window between all - of the intermediate steps. BTW the lurching is due to [379]slow video - card read rates (see [380]here too). A displacement, even a small one, + of the intermediate steps. BTW the lurching is due to [380]slow video + card read rates (see [381]here too). A displacement, even a small one, of a large window requires a non-negligible amount of time, a good fraction of a second, to read in from the hardware framebuffer. @@ -3627,7 +3650,7 @@ ied) for -wireframe to do any good. The mode is currently on by default because most people are inflicted - with the problem. It can be disabled with the [381]-nowireframe option + with the problem. It can be disabled with the [382]-nowireframe option (aka -nowf). Why might one want to turn off the wireframing? Since x11vnc is merely guessing when windows are being moved/resized, it may guess poorly for your window-manager or desktop, or even for the way @@ -3672,13 +3695,13 @@ ied) * Maximum time to show a wireframe animation. * Minimum time between sending wireframe outlines. - See the [382]"-wireframe tweaks" option for more details. On a slow + See the [383]"-wireframe tweaks" option for more details. On a slow link, e.g. dialup modem, the parameters may be automatically adjusted for better response. CopyRect encoding: In addition to the above there is the - [383]"-wirecopyrect mode" option. It is also on by default. This + [384]"-wirecopyrect mode" option. It is also on by default. This instructs x11vnc to not only show the wireframe animation, but to also instruct all connected VNC viewers to locally translate the window image data from the original position to the new position on the @@ -3726,7 +3749,7 @@ ied) requiring the image data to be transmitted over the network. For fast links the speedup is primarily due to x11vnc not having to read the scrolled framebuffer data from the X server (recall that reading from - the hardware framebuffer is [384]slow). + the hardware framebuffer is [385]slow). To do this x11vnc uses the RECORD X extension to snoop the X11 protocol between the X client with the focus window and the X server. @@ -3748,10 +3771,10 @@ ied) the X server display: if one falls too far behind it could become a mess... - The initial implementation of [385]-scrollcopyrect option is useful in + The initial implementation of [386]-scrollcopyrect option is useful in that it detects many scrolls and thus gives a much nicer working - environment (especially when combined with the [386]-wireframe - [387]-wirecopyrect [388]options, which are also on by default; and if + environment (especially when combined with the [387]-wireframe + [388]-wirecopyrect [389]options, which are also on by default; and if you are willing to enable the ShadowFB things are very fast). The fact that there aren't long delays or lurches during scrolling is the primary improvement. @@ -3784,10 +3807,10 @@ ied) One can tap the Alt_L key (Left "Alt" key) 3 times in a row to signal x11vnc to refresh the screen to all viewers. Your VNC-viewer may have its own screen refresh hot-key or button. See - also: [389]-fixscreen + also: [390]-fixscreen * Some applications, notably OpenOffice, do XCopyArea scrolls in weird ways that assume ancestor window clipping is taking place. - See the [390]-scr_skip option for ways to tweak this on a + See the [391]-scr_skip option for ways to tweak this on a per-application basis. * Selecting text while dragging the mouse may be slower, especially if the Button-down event happens near the window's edge. This is @@ -3804,7 +3827,7 @@ ied) because it fails to detect scrolls in it. Sometimes clicking inside the application window or selecting some text in it to force the focus helps. - * When using the [391]-scale option there will be a quick CopyRect + * When using the [392]-scale option there will be a quick CopyRect scroll, but it needs to be followed by a slower "cleanup" update. This is because for a fixed finite screen resolution (e.g. 75 dpi) scaling and copyrect-ing are not exactly independent. Scaling @@ -3817,7 +3840,7 @@ ied) If you find the -scrollcopyrect behavior too approximate or distracting you can go back to the standard polling-only update method - with the [392]-noscrollcopyrect (or -noscr for short). If you find + with the [393]-noscrollcopyrect (or -noscr for short). If you find some extremely bad and repeatable behavior for -scrollcopyrect please report a bug. @@ -3856,16 +3879,16 @@ ied) this is because the cursor shape is often downloaded to the graphics hardware (video card), but I could be mistaken. - A simple kludge is provided by the "[393]-cursor X" option that + A simple kludge is provided by the "[394]-cursor X" option that changes the cursor when the mouse is on the root background (or any window has the same cursor as the root background). Note that desktops like GNOME or KDE often cover up the root background, so this won't - work for those cases. Also see the "[394]-cursor some" option for + work for those cases. Also see the "[395]-cursor some" option for additional kludges. Note that as of Aug/2004 in the libvncserver CVS, on Solaris using the SUN_OVL overlay extension and IRIX, x11vnc can show the correct mouse - cursor when the [395]-overlay option is supplied. See [396]this FAQ + cursor when the [396]-overlay option is supplied. See [397]this FAQ for more info. Also as of Dec/2004 in the libvncserver CVS XFIXES X extension support @@ -3873,7 +3896,7 @@ ied) XFIXES fixes the problem of the cursor-shape being write-only: x11vnc can now query the X server for the current shape and send it back to the connected viewers. XFIXES is available on recent Linux Xorg based - distros and [397]Solaris 10. + distros and [398]Solaris 10. The only XFIXES issue is the handling of alpha channel transparency in cursors. If a cursor has any translucency then in general it must be @@ -3881,7 +3904,7 @@ ied) situations where the cursor transparency can also handled exactly: when the VNC Viewer requires the cursor shape be drawn into the VNC framebuffer or if you apply a patch to your VNC Viewer to extract - hidden alpha channel data under 32bpp. [398]Details can be found here. + hidden alpha channel data under 32bpp. [399]Details can be found here. Q-60: When using XFIXES cursorshape mode, some of the cursors look @@ -3914,17 +3937,17 @@ ied) for most cursor themes and you don't have to worry about it. In case it still looks bad for your cursor theme, there are (of - course!) some tunable parameters. The "[399]-alphacut n" option lets + course!) some tunable parameters. The "[400]-alphacut n" option lets you set the threshold "n" (between 0 and 255): cursor pixels with alpha values below n will be considered completely transparent while values equal to or above n will be completely opaque. The default is - 240. The "[400]-alphafrac f" option tries to correct individual + 240. The "[401]-alphafrac f" option tries to correct individual cursors that did not fare well with the default -alphacut value: if a cursor has less than fraction f (between 0.0 and 1.0) of its pixels selected by the default -alphacut, the threshold is lowered until f of its pixels are selected. The default fraction is 0.33. - Finally, there is an option [401]-alpharemove that is useful for + Finally, there is an option [402]-alpharemove that is useful for themes where many cursors are light colored (e.g. "whiteglass"). XFIXES returns the cursor data with the RGB values pre-multiplied by the alpha value. If the white cursors look too grey, specify @@ -3950,11 +3973,11 @@ ied) send the alpha channel data to libvncserver. However, this data will only be used for VNC clients that do not support the CursorShapeUpdates VNC extension (or have disabled it). It can be - disabled for all clients with the [402]-nocursorshape x11vnc option. + disabled for all clients with the [403]-nocursorshape x11vnc option. In this case the cursor is drawn, correctly blended with the background, into the VNC framebuffer before being sent out to the client. So the alpha blending is done on the x11vnc side. Use the - [403]-noalphablend option to disable this behavior (always approximate + [404]-noalphablend option to disable this behavior (always approximate transparent cursors with opaque RGB values). The CursorShapeUpdates VNC extension complicates matters because the @@ -3982,9 +4005,9 @@ ied) Q-62: Why does the mouse arrow just stay in one corner in my vncviewer, whereas my cursor (that does move) is just a dot? - This default takes advantage of a [404]tightvnc extension + This default takes advantage of a [405]tightvnc extension (CursorShapeUpdates) that allows specifying a cursor image shape for - the local VNC viewer. You may disable it with the [405]-nocursor + the local VNC viewer. You may disable it with the [406]-nocursor option to x11vnc if your viewer does not have this extension. Note: as of Aug/2004 in the libvncserver CVS this should be fixed: the @@ -3998,18 +4021,18 @@ ied) clients (i.e. passive viewers can see the mouse cursor being moved around by another viewer)? - Use the [406]-cursorpos option when starting x11vnc. A VNC viewer must + Use the [407]-cursorpos option when starting x11vnc. A VNC viewer must support the Cursor Positions Updates for the user to see the mouse motions (the TightVNC viewers support this). As of Aug/2004 in the - libvncserver CVS -cursorpos is the default. See also [407]-nocursorpos - and [408]-nocursorshape. + libvncserver CVS -cursorpos is the default. See also [408]-nocursorpos + and [409]-nocursorshape. Q-64: Is it possible to swap the mouse buttons (e.g. left-handed operation), or arbitrarily remap them? How about mapping button clicks to keystrokes, e.g. to partially emulate Mouse wheel scrolling? - You can remap the mouse buttons via something like: [409]-buttonmap + You can remap the mouse buttons via something like: [410]-buttonmap 13-31 (or perhaps 12-21). Also, note that xmodmap(1) lets you directly adjust the X server's button mappings, but in some circumstances it might be more desirable to have x11vnc do it. @@ -4017,7 +4040,7 @@ ied) One user had an X server with only one mouse button(!) and was able to map all of the VNC client mouse buttons to it via: -buttonmap 123-111. - Note that the [410]-debug_pointer option prints out much info for + Note that the [411]-debug_pointer option prints out much info for every mouse/pointer event and is handy in solving problems. To map mouse button clicks to keystrokes you can use the alternate @@ -4039,7 +4062,7 @@ ied) Exactly what keystroke "scrolling" events they should be bound to depends on one's taste. If this method is too approximate, one could - consider not using [411]-buttonmap but rather configuring the X server + consider not using [412]-buttonmap but rather configuring the X server to think it has a mouse with 5 buttons even though the physical mouse does not. (e.g. 'Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"'). @@ -4069,7 +4092,7 @@ ied) Q-65: How can I get my AltGr and Shift modifiers to work between keyboards for different languages? - The option [412]-modtweak should help here. It is a mode that monitors + The option [413]-modtweak should help here. It is a mode that monitors the state of the Shift and AltGr Modifiers and tries to deduce the correct keycode to send, possibly by sending fake modifier key presses and releases in addition to the actual keystroke. @@ -4078,17 +4101,17 @@ ied) default (use -nomodtweak to get the old behavior). This was done because it was noticed on newer XFree86 setups even on bland "us" keyboards like "pc104 us" XFree86 included a "ghost" key with both "<" - and ">" it. This key does not exist on the keyboard (see [413]this FAQ + and ">" it. This key does not exist on the keyboard (see [414]this FAQ for more info). Without -modtweak there was then an ambiguity in the reverse map keysym => keycode, making it so the "<" symbol could not be typed. - Also see the [414]FAQ about the -xkb option for a more powerful method + Also see the [415]FAQ about the -xkb option for a more powerful method of modifier tweaking for use on X servers with the XKEYBOARD extension. When trying to resolve keyboard mapping problems, note that the - [415]-debug_keyboard option prints out much info for every keystroke + [416]-debug_keyboard option prints out much info for every keystroke and so can be useful debugging things. @@ -4100,9 +4123,9 @@ ied) (e.g. pc105 in the XF86Config file when it should be something else, say pc104). - Short Cut: Try the [416]-xkb or [417]-sloppy_keys options and see if + Short Cut: Try the [417]-xkb or [418]-sloppy_keys options and see if that helps the situation. The discussion below is a bit outdated (e.g. - [418]-modtweak is now the default) but is useful reference for various + [419]-modtweak is now the default) but is useful reference for various tricks and so is kept. @@ -4145,17 +4168,17 @@ ied) -remap less-comma These are convenient in that they do not modify the actual X server - settings. The former ([419]-modtweak) is a mode that monitors the + settings. The former ([420]-modtweak) is a mode that monitors the state of the Shift and AltGr modifiers and tries to deduce the correct keycode sequence to send. Since Jul/2004 -modtweak is now the default. - The latter ([420]-remap less-comma) is an immediate remapping of the + The latter ([421]-remap less-comma) is an immediate remapping of the keysym less to the keysym comma when it comes in from a client (so when Shift is down the comma press will yield "<"). - See also the [421]FAQ about the -xkb option as a possible workaround + See also the [422]FAQ about the -xkb option as a possible workaround using the XKEYBOARD extension. - Note that the [422]-debug_keyboard option prints out much info for + Note that the [423]-debug_keyboard option prints out much info for every keystroke to aid debugging keyboard problems. @@ -4163,13 +4186,13 @@ ied) (i.e. an extra comma). This is likely because you press "Shift" then "<" but then released - the Shift key before releasing the "<". Because of a [423]keymapping + the Shift key before releasing the "<". Because of a [424]keymapping ambiguity the last event "< up" is interpreted as "," because that key unshifted is the comma. - This should not happen in [424]-xkb mode, because it works hard to + This should not happen in [425]-xkb mode, because it works hard to resolve the ambiguities. If you do not want to use -xkb, try the - option [425]-sloppy_keys to attempt a similar type of algorithm. + option [426]-sloppy_keys to attempt a similar type of algorithm. Q-68: I'm using an "international" keyboard (e.g. German "de", or @@ -4193,7 +4216,7 @@ ied) In both cases no AltGr is sent to the VNC server, but we know AltGr is needed on the physical international keyboard to type a "@". - This all worked fine with x11vnc running with the [426]-modtweak + This all worked fine with x11vnc running with the [427]-modtweak option (it figures out how to adjust the Modifier keys (Shift or AltGr) to get the "@"). However it fails under recent versions of XFree86 (and the X.org fork). These run the XKEYBOARD extension by @@ -4211,7 +4234,7 @@ ied) * there is a new option -xkb to use the XKEYBOARD extension API to do the Modifier key tweaking. - The [427]-xkb option seems to fix all of the missing keys: "@", "<", + The [428]-xkb option seems to fix all of the missing keys: "@", "<", ">", etc.: it is recommended that you try it if you have this sort of problem. Let us know if there are any remaining problems (see the next paragraph for some known problems). If you specify the -debug_keyboard @@ -4219,7 +4242,7 @@ ied) debugging output (send it along with any problems you report). Update: as of Jun/2005 x11vnc will try to automatically enable - [428]-xkb if it appears that would be beneficial (e.g. if it sees any + [429]-xkb if it appears that would be beneficial (e.g. if it sees any of "@", "<", ">", "[" and similar keys are mapped in a way that needs the -xkb to access them). To disable this automatic check use -noxkb. @@ -4234,7 +4257,7 @@ ied) was attached to keycode 93 (no physical key generates this keycode) while ISO_Level3_Shift was attached to keycode 113. The keycode skipping option was used to disable the ghost key: - [429]-skip_keycodes 93 + [430]-skip_keycodes 93 * In implementing -xkb we noticed that some characters were still not getting through, e.g. "~" and "^". This is not really an XKEYBOARD problem. What was happening was the VNC viewer was @@ -4251,16 +4274,16 @@ ied) What to do? In general the VNC protocol has not really solved this problem: what should be done if the VNC viewer sends a keysym not recognized by the VNC server side? Workarounds can possibly be - created using the [430]-remap x11vnc option: + created using the [431]-remap x11vnc option: -remap asciitilde-dead_tilde,asciicircum-dead_circumflex etc. Use -remap filename if the list is long. Please send us your workarounds for this problem on your keyboard. Perhaps we can have x11vnc adjust automatically at some point. Also see the - [431]-add_keysyms option in the next paragraph. - Update: for convenience "[432]-remap DEAD" does many of these + [432]-add_keysyms option in the next paragraph. + Update: for convenience "[433]-remap DEAD" does many of these mappings at once. - * To complement the above workaround using the [433]-remap, an - option [434]-add_keysyms was added. This option instructs x11vnc + * To complement the above workaround using the [434]-remap, an + option [435]-add_keysyms was added. This option instructs x11vnc to bind any unknown Keysyms coming in from VNC viewers to unused Keycodes in the X server. This modifies the global state of the X server. When x11vnc exits it removes the extra keymappings it @@ -4279,7 +4302,7 @@ ied) Short answer: disable key autorepeating by running the command "xset r off" on the Xserver where x11vnc is run (restore via "xset r on") or - use the new (Jul/2004) [435]-norepeat x11vnc option. You will still + use the new (Jul/2004) [436]-norepeat x11vnc option. You will still have autorepeating because that is taken care of on your VNC viewer side. @@ -4303,7 +4326,7 @@ ied) off", does the problem go away? The workaround is to manually apply "xset r off" and "xset r on" as - needed, or to use the [436]-norepeat (which has since Dec/2004 been + needed, or to use the [437]-norepeat (which has since Dec/2004 been made the default). Note that with X server autorepeat turned off the VNC viewer side of the connection will (nearly always) do its own autorepeating so there is no big loss here, unless someone is also @@ -4314,7 +4337,7 @@ ied) keystrokes!! Are you using x11vnc to log in to an X session? (as described in - [437]this FAQ) If so, x11vnc is starting before your session and it + [438]this FAQ) If so, x11vnc is starting before your session and it disables autorepeat when you connect, but then after you log in your session startup (GNOME, KDE, ...) could be resetting the autorepeat to be on. Or it could be something inside your desktop trying to be @@ -4338,7 +4361,7 @@ ied) machine where I run the VNC viewer does not. Is there a way I can map a local unused key to send an AltGr? How about a Compose key as well? - Something like "[438]-remap Super_R-Mode_switch" x11vnc option may + Something like "[439]-remap Super_R-Mode_switch" x11vnc option may work. Note that Super_R is the "Right Windoze(tm) Flaggie" key; you may want to choose another. The -debug_keyboard option comes in handy in finding keysym names (so does xev(1)). @@ -4361,7 +4384,7 @@ ied) Since xmodmap(1) modifies the X server mappings you may not want to do this (because it affects local work on that machine). Something like - the [439]-remap Alt_L-Meta_L to x11vnc may be sufficient for ones + the [440]-remap Alt_L-Meta_L to x11vnc may be sufficient for ones needs, and does not modify the X server environment. Note that you cannot send Alt_L in this case, maybe -remap Super_L-Meta_L would be a better choice if the Super_L key is typically unused in Unix. @@ -4372,7 +4395,7 @@ ied) This can be done directly in some X servers using AccessX and Pointer_EnableKeys, but is a bit awkward. It may be more convenient to - have x11vnc do the remapping. This can be done via the [440]-remap + have x11vnc do the remapping. This can be done via the [441]-remap option using the fake "keysyms" Button1, Button2, etc. as the "to" keys (i.e. the ones after the "-") @@ -4381,7 +4404,7 @@ ied) button "paste" because (using XFree86/Xorg Emulate3Buttons) you have to click both buttons on the touch pad at the same time. This remapping: - [441]-remap Super_R-Button2 + [442]-remap Super_R-Button2 maps the Super_R "flag" key press to the Button2 click, thereby making X pasting a bit easier. @@ -4411,7 +4434,7 @@ ied) There may also be scaling viewers out there (e.g. TightVNC or UltraVNC on Windows) that automatically shrink or expand the remote framebuffer to fit the local display. Especially for hand-held devices. See also - [442]this FAQ on x11vnc scaling. + [443]this FAQ on x11vnc scaling. Q-75: Does x11vnc support server-side framebuffer scaling? (E.g. to @@ -4419,7 +4442,7 @@ ied) As of Jun/2004 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc provides basic server-side scaling. It is a global scaling of the desktop, not a - per-client setting. To enable it use the "[443]-scale fraction" + per-client setting. To enable it use the "[444]-scale fraction" option. "fraction" can either be a floating point number (e.g. -scale 0.5) or the alternative m/n fraction notation (e.g. -scale 2/3). Note that if fraction is greater than one the display is magnified. @@ -4440,7 +4463,7 @@ ied) One can also use the ":nb" with an integer scale factor (say "-scale 2:nb") to use x11vnc as a screen magnifier for vision impaired - [444]applications. Since with integer scale factors the framebuffers + [445]applications. Since with integer scale factors the framebuffers become huge and scaling operations time consuming, be sure to use ":nb" for the fastest response. @@ -4466,12 +4489,12 @@ ied) If one desires per-client scaling for something like 1:1 from a workstation and 1:2 from a smaller device (e.g. handheld), currently the only option is to run two (or more) x11vnc processes with - different scalings listening on separate ports ([445]-rfbport option, + different scalings listening on separate ports ([446]-rfbport option, etc.). BTW, whenever you run two or more x11vnc's on the same X display and - use the [446]GUI, then to avoid all of the x11vnc's simultaneously - answering the gui you will need to use something like [447]"-connect + use the [447]GUI, then to avoid all of the x11vnc's simultaneously + answering the gui you will need to use something like [448]"-connect file1 -gui ..." with different connect files for each x11vnc you want to control via the gui (or remote-control). The "-connect file1" usage gives separate communication channels between a x11vnc proces and the @@ -4480,7 +4503,7 @@ ied) Update: As of Mar/2005 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc now scales the mouse cursor with the same scale factor as the screen. If you don't - want that, use the [448]"-scale_cursor frac" option to set the cursor + want that, use the [449]"-scale_cursor frac" option to set the cursor scaling to a different factor (e.g. use "-scale_cursor 1" to keep the cursor at its natural unscaled size). @@ -4502,16 +4525,16 @@ ied) screen is not rectangular (e.g. 1280x1024 and 1024x768 monitors joined together), then there will be "non-existent" areas on the screen. The X server will return "garbage" image data for these areas and so they - may be distracting to the viewer. The [449]-blackout x11vnc option + may be distracting to the viewer. The [450]-blackout x11vnc option allows you to blacken-out rectangles by manually specifying their WxH+X+Y geometries. If your system has the libXinerama library, the - [450]-xinerama x11vnc option can be used to have it automatically + [451]-xinerama x11vnc option can be used to have it automatically determine the rectangles to be blackened out. (Note on 8bpp PseudoColor displays the fill color may not be black). Some users have reported that the mouse does not behave properly for their Xinerama display: i.e. the mouse cannot be moved to all regions - of the large display. If this happens try using the [451]-xwarppointer + of the large display. If this happens try using the [452]-xwarppointer option. This instructs x11vnc to fake mouse pointer motions using the XWarpPointer function instead of the XTestFakeMotionEvent XTEST function. (This may be due to a bug in the X server for XTEST when @@ -4536,23 +4559,23 @@ ied) Note: if you are running on Solaris 8 or earlier you can easily hit up against the maximum of 6 shm segments per process (for Xsun in this case) from running multiple x11vnc processes. You should modify - /etc/system as mentioned in another [452]FAQ to increase the limit. It - is probably also a good idea to run with the [453]-onetile option in + /etc/system as mentioned in another [453]FAQ to increase the limit. It + is probably also a good idea to run with the [454]-onetile option in this case (to limit each x11vnc to 3 shm segments), or even - [454]-noshm to use no shm segments. + [455]-noshm to use no shm segments. Q-78: Can x11vnc show only a portion of the display? (E.g. for a special purpose rfb application). - As of Mar/2005 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc has the "[455]-clip + As of Mar/2005 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc has the "[456]-clip WxH+X+Y" option to select a rectangle of width W, height H and offset (X, Y). Thus the VNC screen will be the clipped sub-region of the display and be only WxH in size. One user used -clip to split up a - large [456]Xinerama screen into two more managable smaller screens. + large [457]Xinerama screen into two more managable smaller screens. This also works to view a sub-region of a single application window if - the [457]-id or [458]-sid options are used. The offset is measured + the [458]-id or [459]-sid options are used. The offset is measured from the upper left corner of the selected window. @@ -4561,7 +4584,7 @@ ied) crash. As of Dec/2004 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc supports XRANDR. You - enable it with the [459]-xrandr option to make x11vnc monitor XRANDR + enable it with the [460]-xrandr option to make x11vnc monitor XRANDR events and also trap X server errors if the screen change occurred in the middle of an X call like XGetImage. Once it traps the screen change it will create a new framebuffer using the new screen. @@ -4571,7 +4594,7 @@ ied) then the viewer will automatically resize. Otherwise, the new framebuffer is fit as best as possible into the original viewer size (portions of the screen may be clipped, unused, etc). For these - viewers you can try the [460]-padgeom option to make the region big + viewers you can try the [461]-padgeom option to make the region big enough to hold all resizes and rotations. If you specify "-xrandr newfbsize" then vnc viewers that do not @@ -4625,9 +4648,9 @@ ied) * Fullscreen mode The way VMWare does Fullscreen mode on Linux is to display the Guest - desktop in a separate Virtual Console (e.g. VC 8) (see [461]this FAQ + desktop in a separate Virtual Console (e.g. VC 8) (see [462]this FAQ on VC's for background). Unfortunately, this Fullscreen VC is not an X - server. So x11vnc cannot access it (however, [462]see this for a + server. So x11vnc cannot access it (however, [463]see this for a possible partial workaround). x11vnc works fine with "Normal X application window" and "Quick-Switch mode" because these use X. @@ -4644,13 +4667,13 @@ ied) response. One can also cut the display depth (e.g. to 16bpp) in this 2nd X session to improve video performance. This 2nd X session emulates Fullscreen mode to some degree and can be viewed via x11vnc - as long as the VMWare X session [463]is in the active VC. + as long as the VMWare X session [464]is in the active VC. Also note that with a little bit of playing with "xwininfo -all -children" output one can extract the (non-toplevel) windowid of the of the Guest desktop only when VMWare is running as a normal X application. Then one can export just the guest desktop (i.e. without - the VMWare menu buttons) by use of the [464]-id windowid option. The + the VMWare menu buttons) by use of the [465]-id windowid option. The caveats are the X session VMWare is in must be in the active VC and the window must be fully visible, so this mode is not terribly convenient, but could be useful in some circumstances (e.g. running @@ -4731,7 +4754,7 @@ ied) screen to either shm or a mapped file. The format of these is XWD and so the initial header should be skipped. BTW, since XWD is not strictly RGB the view will only be approximate. Of course for the case - of Xvfb x11vnc can poll it much better via the [465]X API, but you get + of Xvfb x11vnc can poll it much better via the [466]X API, but you get the idea. By default in -rawfb mode x11vnc will actually close any X display it @@ -4784,7 +4807,7 @@ ied) keystrokes into the Linux console (e.g. the virtual consoles: /dev/tty1, /dev/tty2, etc) in x11vnc/misc/vcinject.pl. It is based on the vncterm/LinuxVNC.c program also in the libvncserver CVS. So to - view and interact with VC #2 (assuming it is the [466]active VC) one + view and interact with VC #2 (assuming it is the [467]active VC) one can run something like: x11vnc -rawfb map:/dev/fb0@1024x768x16 -pipeinput './vcinject.pl 2' @@ -4797,7 +4820,7 @@ ied) more accurate and faster LinuxVNC program. The only advantage x11vnc -rawfb might have is that it can presumably allow interaction with a non-text application, e.g. one based on svgalib. For example the - [467]VMWare Fullscreen mode is actually viewable under -rawfb. But + [468]VMWare Fullscreen mode is actually viewable under -rawfb. But this isn't much use until one figures out how to inject keystrokes and mouse events... @@ -4821,7 +4844,7 @@ ied) click on the task bar panel, and uncheck "enable auto-hide" from the panel properties dialog box. This will make the panel always visible. - [Misc: Clipboard, Beeps, Thanks, etc.] + [Misc: Clipboard, File Transfer, Beeps, Thanks, etc.] Q-85: Does the Clipboard/Selection get transferred between the vncviewer and the X display? @@ -4829,10 +4852,10 @@ ied) As of Jan/2004 in the libvncserver CVS x11vnc supports the "CutText" part of the rfb protocol. Furthermore, x11vnc is able to hold the PRIMARY selection (Xvnc does not seem to do this). If you don't want - the Clipboard/Selection exchanged use the [468]-nosel option. If you + the Clipboard/Selection exchanged use the [469]-nosel option. If you don't want the PRIMARY selection to be polled for changes use the - [469]-noprimary option. You can also fine-tune it a bit with the - [470]-seldir dir option. + [470]-noprimary option. You can also fine-tune it a bit with the + [471]-seldir dir option. You may need to watch out for desktop utilities such as KDE's "Klipper" that do odd things with the selection, clipboard, and @@ -4844,7 +4867,7 @@ ied) As of Oct/2005 x11vnc enables the TightVNC file transfer implementation that was added to libvncserver. This currently only works with TightVNC viewers (and Windows only it appears). It is on by - default, to disable it use the [471]-nofilexfer option. + default, to disable it use the [472]-nofilexfer option. Q-87: Why don't I hear the "Beeps" in my X session (e.g. when typing @@ -4855,7 +4878,7 @@ ied) not on by default in Solaris, see Xserver(1) for how to turn it on via +kb), and so you won't hear them if the extension is not present. - If you don't want to hear the beeps use the [472]-nobell option. If + If you don't want to hear the beeps use the [473]-nobell option. If you want to hear the audio from the remote applications, consider trying a redirector such as esd. @@ -5181,171 +5204,172 @@ References 305. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/dtVncPopup 306. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-gone 307. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-unixpw - 308. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-localhost - 309. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-stunnel - 310. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-localhost - 311. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#tunnelling - 312. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-ssl-tunnel - 313. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-accept - 314. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-users - 315. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/blockdpy.c - 316. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-accept - 317. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-gone + 308. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-unixpw_nis + 309. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-localhost + 310. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-stunnel + 311. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-localhost + 312. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#tunnelling + 313. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-ssl-tunnel + 314. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-accept + 315. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-users + 316. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/blockdpy.c + 317. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-accept 318. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-gone - 319. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-afteraccept - 320. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#display-manager-continuously - 321. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-inetd - 322. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#x11vnc_loop - 323. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-auth - 324. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#dtlogin_solaris - 325. http://www.jirka.org/gdm-documentation/x241.html - 326. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_loop - 327. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-xterminal-xauth - 328. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-inetd - 329. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-q - 330. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-auth - 331. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-loop - 332. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-httpdir - 333. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-http - 334. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-connect - 335. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-vncconnect - 336. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-add_keysyms - 337. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-linuxvc - 338. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/Xdummy - 339. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#display-manager-continuously - 340. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/shm_clear - 341. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-onetile - 342. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-noshm - 343. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-noshm - 344. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nap - 345. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wait - 346. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-onetile - 347. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-fs - 348. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-threads - 349. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-defer - 350. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-id - 351. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-solid - 352. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect - 353. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe - 354. http://www.tightvnc.com/ - 355. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nodragging - 356. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe - 357. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect - 358. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-fs - 359. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wait - 360. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-defer - 361. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-progressive - 362. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-id - 363. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nosel - 364. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursor - 365. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursorpos - 366. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-readtimeout - 367. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow - 368. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-xd_area - 369. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-xd_mem - 370. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-noxdamage - 371. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow - 372. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-pointer_mode + 319. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-gone + 320. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-afteraccept + 321. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#display-manager-continuously + 322. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-inetd + 323. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#x11vnc_loop + 324. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-auth + 325. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#dtlogin_solaris + 326. http://www.jirka.org/gdm-documentation/x241.html + 327. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_loop + 328. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-xterminal-xauth + 329. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-inetd + 330. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-q + 331. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-auth + 332. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-loop + 333. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-httpdir + 334. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-http + 335. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-connect + 336. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-vncconnect + 337. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-add_keysyms + 338. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-linuxvc + 339. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/Xdummy + 340. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#display-manager-continuously + 341. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/shm_clear + 342. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-onetile + 343. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-noshm + 344. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-noshm + 345. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nap + 346. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wait + 347. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-onetile + 348. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-fs + 349. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-threads + 350. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-defer + 351. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-id + 352. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-solid + 353. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect + 354. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe + 355. http://www.tightvnc.com/ + 356. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nodragging + 357. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe + 358. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect + 359. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-fs + 360. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wait + 361. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-defer + 362. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-progressive + 363. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-id + 364. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nosel + 365. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursor + 366. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursorpos + 367. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-readtimeout + 368. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow + 369. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-xd_area + 370. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-xd_mem + 371. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-noxdamage + 372. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow 373. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-pointer_mode - 374. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nodragging - 375. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-pointer_mode - 376. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-threads - 377. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-wireframe - 378. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-scrollcopyrect - 379. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-pointer-mode - 380. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow - 381. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe + 374. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-pointer_mode + 375. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nodragging + 376. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-pointer_mode + 377. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-threads + 378. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-wireframe + 379. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-scrollcopyrect + 380. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-pointer-mode + 381. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow 382. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe 383. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe - 384. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow - 385. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect - 386. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe - 387. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wirecopyrect - 388. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-wireframe - 389. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-fixscreen - 390. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scr_skip - 391. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scale - 392. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect - 393. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-cursor + 384. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe + 385. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#fb_read_slow + 386. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect + 387. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wireframe + 388. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-wirecopyrect + 389. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-wireframe + 390. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-fixscreen + 391. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scr_skip + 392. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scale + 393. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scrollcopyrect 394. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-cursor - 395. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-overlay - 396. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#the-overlay-mode - 397. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#solaris10-build - 398. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-xfixes-alpha-hacks - 399. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-alphacut - 400. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-alphafrac - 401. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-alpharemove - 402. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursorshape - 403. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-noalphablend - 404. http://www.tightvnc.com/ - 405. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursor - 406. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-cursorpos - 407. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursorpos - 408. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-nocursorshape - 409. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-buttonmap - 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438. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-remap + 437. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-norepeat + 438. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-display-manager 439. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-remap 440. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-remap 441. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-remap - 442. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/index.html#faq-scaling - 443. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scale - 444. http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~ssb22/source/vnc-magnification.html - 445. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-rfbport - 446. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-gui - 447. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-connect - 448. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-scale_cursor - 449. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-blackout - 450. http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/x11vnc_opts.html#opt-xinerama - 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-unixpw [list] -stunnel [pem] - -stunnel3 [pem] -nopw - -storepasswd pass file -accept string - -afteraccept string -gone string - -users list -noshm - -flipbyteorder -onetile - -solid [color] -blackout string - -xinerama -xtrap - -xrandr [mode] -padgeom WxH - -o logfile -flag file - -rc filename -norc - -h, -help -?, -opts - -V, -version -dbg - -q -bg - -modtweak -nomodtweak - -xkb -noxkb - -skip_keycodes string -sloppy_keys - -skip_dups -noskip_dups - -add_keysyms -noadd_keysyms - -clear_mods -clear_keys - -remap string -norepeat - -repeat -nofb - -nobell -nosel - -noprimary -seldir string - -cursor [mode] -nocursor - -arrow n -noxfixes - -alphacut n -alphafrac fraction - -alpharemove -noalphablend - -nocursorshape -cursorpos - -nocursorpos -xwarppointer - -buttonmap string -nodragging - -wireframe [str] -nowireframe - -wirecopyrect mode -nowirecopyrect - -debug_wireframe -scrollcopyrect mode - -noscrollcopyrect -scr_area n - -scr_skip list -scr_inc list - -scr_keys list -scr_term list - -scr_keyrepeat lo-hi -scr_parms string - -fixscreen string -debug_scroll - -noxrecord -grab_buster - -nograb_buster -debug_grabs - -pointer_mode n -input_skip n - -speeds rd,bw,lat -wmdt string - -debug_pointer -debug_keyboard - -defer time -wait time - -wait_ui factor -nowait_bog - -slow_fb time -readtimeout n - -nap -nonap - -sb time -noxdamage - -xd_area A -xd_mem f - -sigpipe string -threads - -nothreads -fs f - -gaps n -grow n - -fuzz n -debug_tiles - -snapfb -rawfb string - -pipeinput cmd -gui [gui-opts] - -remote command -query variable - -QD variable -sync - -noremote -yesremote - -unsafe -safer - -privremote -nocmds - -deny_all + -unixpw [list] -unixpw_nis [list] + -stunnel [pem] -stunnel3 [pem] + -nopw -storepasswd pass file + -accept string -afteraccept string + -gone string -users list + -noshm -flipbyteorder + -onetile -solid [color] + -blackout string -xinerama + -xtrap -xrandr [mode] + -padgeom WxH -o logfile + -flag file -rc filename + -norc -h, -help + -?, -opts -V, -version + -dbg -q + -bg -modtweak + -nomodtweak -xkb + -noxkb -skip_keycodes string + -sloppy_keys -skip_dups + -noskip_dups -add_keysyms + -noadd_keysyms -clear_mods + -clear_keys -remap string + -norepeat -repeat + -nofb -nobell + -nosel -noprimary + -seldir string -cursor [mode] + -nocursor -arrow n + -noxfixes -alphacut n + -alphafrac fraction -alpharemove + -noalphablend -nocursorshape + -cursorpos -nocursorpos + -xwarppointer -buttonmap string + -nodragging -wireframe [str] + -nowireframe -wirecopyrect mode + -nowirecopyrect -debug_wireframe + -scrollcopyrect mode -noscrollcopyrect + -scr_area n -scr_skip list + -scr_inc list -scr_keys list + -scr_term list -scr_keyrepeat lo-hi + -scr_parms string -fixscreen string + -debug_scroll -noxrecord + -grab_buster -nograb_buster + -debug_grabs -pointer_mode n + -input_skip n -speeds rd,bw,lat + -wmdt string -debug_pointer + -debug_keyboard -defer time + -wait time -wait_ui factor + -nowait_bog -slow_fb time + -readtimeout n -nap + -nonap -sb time + -noxdamage -xd_area A + -xd_mem f -sigpipe string + -threads -nothreads + -fs f -gaps n + -grow n -fuzz n + -debug_tiles -snapfb + -rawfb string -pipeinput cmd + -gui [gui-opts] -remote command + -query variable -QD variable + -sync -noremote + -yesremote -unsafe + -safer -privremote + -nocmds -deny_all + libvncserver options: -rfbport port TCP port for RFB protocol @@ -5470,7 +5495,7 @@ libvncserver-tight-extension options: % x11vnc -help -x11vnc: allow VNC connections to real X11 displays. 0.8.1 lastmod: 2006-03-02 +x11vnc: allow VNC connections to real X11 displays. 0.8.1 lastmod: 2006-03-04 Typical usage is: @@ -5854,34 +5879,38 @@ Options: and last line be "__BEGIN_VIEWONLY__" to have 2 full-access passwords) --unixpw [list] Experimental option: use Unix username and password - authentication. x11vnc uses the su(1) program to verify - the user's password. [list] is an optional comma - separated list of allowed Unix usernames. See below - for per-user options that can be applied. +-unixpw [list] Use Unix username and password authentication. x11vnc + uses the su(1) program to verify the user's password. + [list] is an optional comma separated list of allowed + Unix usernames. See below for per-user options that + can be applied. A familiar "login:" and "Password:" dialog is presented to the user on a black screen inside the vncviewer. The connection is dropped if the user fails to supply the correct password in 3 tries or does not - send one before a 20 second timeout. Existing clients + send one before a 25 second timeout. Existing clients are view-only during this period. Since the detailed behavior of su(1) can vary from OS to OS and for local configurations, please test the mode carefully on your systems before using it. - Try different combinations of valid/invalid usernames - and passwords. - - For example, on FreeBSD and the other BSD's and Tru64 - it does not appear to be possible for the user running - x11vnc to validate his *own* password via su(1). - The x11vnc login will always fail in this case. - A possible workaround would be to start x11vnc as - root with the "-users +nobody" option to immediately - switch to user nobody. Another source of problems are - PAM modules that prompt for extra info, e.g. password - aging modules. These logins will always fail as well. + E.g. try different combinations of valid/invalid + usernames and valid/invalid passwords to see if it + behaves correctly. x11vnc will be conservative and + reject a user if anything abnormal occurs. + + For example, on FreeBSD and the other BSD's by default + it is impossible for the user running x11vnc to validate + his *own* password via su(1) (evidently commenting + out the pam_self.so entry in /etc/pam.d/su eliminates + the problem). So the x11vnc login will always fail for + this case. A possible workaround would be to start + x11vnc as root with the "-users +nobody" option to + immediately switch to user nobody. Another source of + problems are PAM modules that prompt for extra info, + e.g. password aging modules. These logins will always + fail as well. *IMPORTANT*: to prevent the Unix password being sent in *clear text* over the network, two x11vnc options are @@ -5897,17 +5926,18 @@ Options: Set UNIXPW_DISABLE_STUNNEL=1 to disable using -stunnel. Evidently you will be using a different method to encrypt the data between the vncviewer and x11vnc: - e.g. ssh(1) or a VPN. Note that use of ssh(1) with - -localhost is roughly the same as requiring a Unix - user login (since Unix password or the user's public - key authentication is used by ssh) - - As a convenience, if you ssh(1) in and start x11vnc - it will look to see if the environment variable - SSH_CONNECTION is set and appears reasonable. If it - does, then the stunnel requirement is dropped since - it is assumed you are using ssh for the encrypted - tunnelling. Use -stunnel to force stunnel usage. + e.g. ssh(1) or a VPN. Note that use of -localhost + with ssh(1) is roughly the same as requiring a Unix + user login (since a Unix password or the user's public + key authentication is used by ssh on the machine where + x11vnc runs and only local connections are accepted) + + As a convenience, if you ssh(1) in and start x11vnc it + will check if the environment variable SSH_CONNECTION + is set and appears reasonable. If it does, then the + stunnel requirement is dropped since it is assumed + you are using ssh for the encrypted tunnelling. + Use -stunnel to force stunnel usage. Set UNIXPW_DISABLE_LOCALHOST=1 to disable the -localhost requirement. One should never do this (i.e. allow the @@ -5924,16 +5954,28 @@ Options: where "opts" is a "+" separated list of "viewonly", "fullaccess", "input=XXXX", or "deny", e.g. "karl,fred:viewonly,boss:input=M". - For "input=" it is the K,M,B,C describe under -input. - - If a user in the list is "*" that means those options - apply to all users. It also means all users are allowed - to log in. Use "deny" to explicitly deny some users - if you use "*" to set a global option. - --stunnel [pem] Use the stunnel(1) (www.stunnel.org) to provide an - encrypted SSL tunnel between viewers and x11vnc. - This requires stunnel be installed on the system and + For "input=" it is the K,M,B,C described under -input. + + If a user in the list is "*" that means those + options apply to all users. It also means all users + are allowed to log in after supplying a valid password. + Use "deny" to explicitly deny some users if you use + "*" to set a global option. + +-unixpw_nis [list] As -unixpw above, however do not run su(1) but rather + use the traditional getpwnam() + crypt() method instead. + This requires that the encrpyted passwords be readable. + Passwords stored in /etc/shadow will be inaccessible + unless run as root. This is called "NIS" mode + simply because in most NIS setups the user encrypted + passwords are accessible (e.g. "ypcat passwd"). + NIS is not required for this mode to work, but it + is unlikely it will work for any other environment. + All of the -unixpw options and contraints apply. + +-stunnel [pem] Use the stunnel(1) (www.stunnel.org) to provide + an encrypted SSL tunnel between viewers and x11vnc. + This requires stunnel to be installed on the system and available via PATH (n.b. stunnel is often installed in sbin directories). Version 4.x of stunnel is assumed; see -stunnel3 below. @@ -5945,9 +5987,9 @@ Options: stunnel is started up as a child process of x11vnc and any SSL connections stunnel receives are decrypted and - sent to x11vnc over a local socket. The strings "The - SSL VNC desktop is ..." and SSLPORT=... are printed - out at startup. + sent to x11vnc over a local socket. The strings + "The SSL VNC desktop is ..." and "SSLPORT=..." + are printed out at startup. The -localhost option is enforced by default to avoid people routing around the SSL channel. Set @@ -5955,7 +5997,7 @@ Options: Your VNC viewer will need to be able to connect via SSL. Unfortunately not too many do this. UltraVNC seems to - have a SSL plugin. It is not too difficult to set up + have a SSL plugin. It is not too difficult to set up an stunnel or other SSL tunnel on the viewer side. A simple example on Unix using stunnel 3.x is: @@ -7539,16 +7581,17 @@ n http_url auth xauth users rootshift clipshift scale_str scaled_x scaled_y scale_numer scale_denom scale_fac scaling_blend scaling_nomult4 scaling_pad - scaling_interpolate inetd privremote unsafe safer nocmds - passwdfile unixpw unixpw_list stunnel stunnel_pem - using_shm logfile o flag rc norc h help V version - lastmod bg sigpipe threads readrate netrate netlatency - pipeinput clients client_count pid ext_xtest ext_xtrap - ext_xrecord ext_xkb ext_xshm ext_xinerama ext_overlay - ext_xfixes ext_xdamage ext_xrandr rootwin num_buttons - button_mask mouse_x mouse_y bpp depth indexed_color - dpy_x dpy_y wdpy_x wdpy_y off_x off_y cdpy_x cdpy_y - coff_x coff_y rfbauth passwd viewpasswd + scaling_interpolate inetd privremote unsafe safer + nocmds passwdfile unixpw unixpw_nis unixpw_list stunnel + stunnel_pem using_shm logfile o flag rc norc h help + V version lastmod bg sigpipe threads readrate netrate + netlatency pipeinput clients client_count pid ext_xtest + ext_xtrap ext_xrecord ext_xkb ext_xshm ext_xinerama + ext_overlay ext_xfixes ext_xdamage ext_xrandr rootwin + num_buttons button_mask mouse_x mouse_y bpp depth + indexed_color dpy_x dpy_y wdpy_x wdpy_y off_x off_y + cdpy_x cdpy_y coff_x coff_y rfbauth passwd viewpasswd + -QD variable Just like -query variable, but returns the default value for that parameter (no running x11vnc server is consulted) |